Crosstalk Between the Gut Microbiota and Epithelial Cells Under Physiological and Infectious Conditions

Zhou, An; Yuan, Yi; Yang, Min; Huang, Yue; Li, Xin; Li, Shengpeng; Yang, Shiming; Tang, Bo

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.832672

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Clarifying the relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and the microbiota is of great interest for performing therapeutic interventions [ 89 ]. Although microbiota studies need to solve the problem of difficulty in collecting stool specimens from patients with severe disease, in addition to a longitudinal observational analysis of the microbiota, it is desirable to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that trigger the rapid inflammatory state leading to cytokine storm formation.…”

Section: Upper Respiratory Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Microbiota in Viral Infections and Pathological Progression

Mizutani

Ishizaka

Koga

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Viral infections are influenced by various microorganisms in the environment surrounding the target tissue, and the correlation between the type and balance of commensal microbiota is the key to establishment of the infection and pathogenicity. Some commensal microorganisms are known to resist or promote viral infection, while others are involved in pathogenicity. It is also becoming evident that the profile of the commensal microbiota under normal conditions influences the progression of viral diseases. Thus, to understand the pathogenesis underlying viral infections, it is important to elucidate the interactions among viruses, target tissues, and the surrounding environment, including the commensal microbiota, which should have different relationships with each virus. In this review, we outline the role of microorganisms in viral infections. Particularly, we focus on gaining an in-depth understanding of the correlations among viral infections, target tissues, and the surrounding environment, including the commensal microbiota and the gut virome, and discussing the impact of changes in the microbiota (dysbiosis) on the pathological progression of viral infections.

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Section: Upper Respiratory Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Microbiota in Viral Infections and Pathological Progression

Mizutani

Ishizaka

Koga

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…Saturated long-chain fatty acids (SLCFAs), which affect gut health, have also been related to intestinal motility disorders in rats [33]. Correct integrity and functionality of the intestinal epithelial barrier and colonocytes are essential to gut immunity homeostasis and pathogenesis [14][15][34][35]. Higher levels of long-chain acylcarnitines in the non-resilient populations suggested higher susceptibility to disease and stress in these animals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysimilarities In The Gut Metabolome Of Rabbits With Genetic Differences In Their Resilient Potential

Casto-Rebollo

Argente

García

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background The gut-derived metabolites are key actors in the host-microbiota crosstalk and can have either beneficial or detrimental effects on the host. Gut metabolome could be a potential strategy to enrich the knowledge of host-gut interactions, providing another way of improving key traits such as animal resilience and welfare in livestock systems. Animal resilience has now become a critical livestock trait because of the high demand for more sustainable productions. Environmental variance (VE), the within-individual variance of traits due to environmental factors, is used as a key measure to improve resilience. Studying the gut microbiome composition can reveal the mechanisms behind animal resilience due to its influence on host immunity. The aim of this study was to identify the gut-derived metabolites underlying the VE of litter size (LS), for which we performed an untargeted gut metabolome analysis in two rabbit populations divergently selected for low (n = 14) and high (n = 14) VE of LS. Partial least square-discriminant analysis and Bayesian statistics were computed to determine dissimilarities in the gut metabolites of the rabbit populations. Results We identified 15 metabolites that can discriminate between rabbit populations with a prediction performance of 99.18% for resilient and 90.42% for non-resilient populations. The most reliable metabolites identified were glycerophosphoglycerol, equol, behenoylcarnitine, arachidoylcarnitine, ethyl beta-glucopyranoside, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate, N6-acetyllysine, 5-aminovalerate and succinylcarnitine. A great abundance of acylcarnitines and metabolites from the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolism were found in the non-resilient population. Acylcarnitines and metabolites from AAAs (like kynurenine and anthranilate) can impact the inflammatory response and the health status of animals. Conclusions This is the first study to identify gut metabolites that can act as the VE of LS biomarkers as well as resilience biomarkers. The smaller number of acylcarnitines and metabolites derived from the phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism suggested that resilient animals were better able to cope with stressful events. However, further studies will be needed to determine the causal role of these metabolites in health and disease.

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“…Gut microbial interaction plays a key role in host health ( 29 , 30 ). Gut microbiota could decrease the invasion and colonization of pathogens by regulating the intestinal barrier and environment, indicating its vital role in gastrointestinal diseases ( 31 , 32 ). Consequently, the investigation of gut microbiota has attracted widespread attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbiota Between Healthy and Diarrheic Horses

Lan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Increasing evidence reveals the importance of gut microbiota in animals for regulating intestinal homeostasis, metabolism, and host health. The gut microbial community has been reported to be closely related to many diseases, but information regarding diarrheic influence on gut microbiota in horses remains scarce. This study investigated and compared gut microbial changes in horses during diarrhea. The results showed that the alpha diversity of gut microbiota in diarrheic horses decreased observably, accompanied by obvious shifts in taxonomic compositions. The dominant bacterial phyla (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, and Kiritimatiellaeota) and genera (uncultured_bacterium_f_Lachnospiraceae, uncultured_bacterium_f_p-251-o5, Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, and Treponema_2) in the healthy and diarrheic horses were same regardless of health status but different in abundances. Compared with the healthy horses, the relative abundances of Planctomycetes, Tenericutes, Firmicutes, Patescibacteria, and Proteobacteria in the diarrheic horses were observably decreased, whereas Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Fibrobacteres were dramatically increased. Moreover, diarrhea also resulted in a significant reduction in the proportions of 31 genera and a significant increase in the proportions of 14 genera. Taken together, this study demonstrated that the gut bacterial diversity and abundance of horses changed significantly during diarrhea. Additionally, these findings also demonstrated that the dysbiosis of gut microbiota may be an important driving factor of diarrhea in horses.

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Crosstalk Between the Gut Microbiota and Epithelial Cells Under Physiological and Infectious Conditions

Cited by 37 publications

References 109 publications

Role of Microbiota in Viral Infections and Pathological Progression

Role of Microbiota in Viral Infections and Pathological Progression

Dysimilarities In The Gut Metabolome Of Rabbits With Genetic Differences In Their Resilient Potential

Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbiota Between Healthy and Diarrheic Horses

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