Crosstalk between Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Signal Molecules Regulates Plant Growth and Development

Abstract

<jats:p>Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), once recognized only as a poisonous gas, is now considered the third endogenous gaseous transmitter, along with nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Multiple lines of emerging evidence suggest that H2S plays positive roles in plant growth and development when at appropriate concentrations, including seed germination, root development, photosynthesis, stomatal movement, and organ abscission under both normal and stress conditions. H2S influences these processes by altering gene expression and enzyme activities, as well as regulating the contents of some secondary metabolites. In its regulatory roles, H2S always interacts with either plant hormones, other gasotransmitters, or ionic signals, such as abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, auxin, CO, NO, and Ca2+. Remarkably, H2S also contributes to the post-translational modification of proteins to affect protein activities, structures, and sub-cellular localization. Here, we review the functions of H2S at different stages of plant development, focusing on the S-sulfhydration of proteins mediated by H2S and the crosstalk between H2S and other signaling molecules.</jats:p>

Role of Exogenous and Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) on Functional Traits of Plants Under Heavy Metal Stresses: A Recent Perspective

“…It has also shown strong concentration dependent affinity for reactions as it can disrupt mitochondrial cytochrome activity and even reduce mitochondrial respiration ( Mancardi et al, 2009 ). Surprisingly, research in recent years has unraveled the significance of H 2 S as a gasotransmitter that promotes plant growth and development at various stages of plant life cycle ( Xuan et al, 2020 ). Other than algae, fungi, and few prokaryotes, plants are known to take leverage of taking up the naturally occurring sulfate (SO 4 2– ) source of S from soil and incorporate it into organic forms ( Takahashi et al, 2011 ).…”

Cell Signaling in Model Plants

“…Recent studies revealed that H 2 S plays a positive role in regulating plant growth. Xuan et al considered the H 2 S roles in cellular processes and also indicated all possible crosstalk between H 2 S and phytohormones [ 12 ]. Interestingly, the authors suggested that H 2 S may affect the protein activities and subcellular localization by contributing to post-translational modification.…”

Cross-talk between transcriptome, phytohormone and HD-ZIP gene family analysis illuminates the molecular mechanism underlying fruitlet abscission in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L)&nbsp;

“…Additionally, the reduction of auxin content can increase the sensitivity of the abscission zone to ethylene [42]. Hence, once the auxin content in the abscission zone decreases, the sensitivity of the abscission zone to ethylene will increase, and even a little of ethylene will trigger shedding [43]. Therefore, auxin content in the abscission zone plays a vital role in regulating shedding.…”