Crosstalk between Brassinosteroids and Ethylene during Plant Growth and under Abiotic Stress Conditions

Jiroutová, Petra; Oklešťková, Jana; Strnad, Miroslav

doi:10.3390/ijms19103283

Cited by 62 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…To date, extensive studies have shown that BRs play critical roles in modulating plant growth and development. In recent years, BR was also reported to increase plant tolerance to adverse environments, such as salt, drought, and cold temperatures [ 20 , 40 – 42 ]. The transcription factors BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1, BRI1 EMS SUPPRESSOR 1, and CESTA, all well characterized as being BR-controlled [ 26 – 28 ], can enhance freezing tolerance through both CBF-dependent and CBF-independent pathways [ 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRANSTHYRETIN-LIKE and BYPASS1-LIKE co-regulate growth and cold tolerance in Arabidopsis

et al. 2020

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Background: Cold stress inhibits normal physiological metabolism in plants, thereby seriously affecting plant development. Meanwhile, plants also actively adjust their metabolism and development to adapt to changing environments. Several cold tolerance regulators have been found to participate in the regulation of plant development. Previously, we reported that BYPASS1-LIKE (B1L), a DUF793 family protein, participates in the regulation of cold tolerance, at least partly through stabilizing C-REPEAT BINDING FACTORS (CBFs). In this study, we found that B1L interacts with TRANSTHYRETIN-LIKE (TTL) protein, which is involved in brassinosteroid (BR)-mediated plant growth and catalyses the synthesis of S-allantoin, and both proteins participate in modulating plant growth and cold tolerance. Results: The results obtained with yeast two hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays showed that B1L directly interacted with TTL. Similar to the ttl-1 and ttl-2 mutants, the b1l mutant displayed a longer hypocotyl and greater fresh weight than wild type, whereas B1L-overexpressing lines exhibited a shorter hypocotyl and reduced fresh weight. Moreover, ttl-1 displayed freezing tolerance to cold treatment compared with WT, whereas the b1l mutant and TTL-overexpressing lines were freezing-sensitive. The b1l ttl double mutant had a developmental phenotype and freezing tolerance that were highly similar to those of ttl-1 compared to b1l, indicating that TTL is important for B1L function. Although low concentrations of brassinolide (0.1 or 1 nM) displayed similarly promoted hypocotyl elongation of WT and b1l under normal temperature, it showed less effect to the hypocotyl elongation of b1l than to that of WT under cold conditions. In addition, the b1l mutant also contained less amount of allantoin than Col-0. Conclusion: Our results indicate that B1L and TTL co-regulate development and cold tolerance in Arabidopsis, and BR and allantoin may participate in these processes through B1L and TTL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRANSTHYRETIN-LIKE and BYPASS1-LIKE co-regulate growth and cold tolerance in Arabidopsis

et al. 2020

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“…Exogenous application of BRs to cucumber seedlings showed increased levels of ethylene and alternative oxidase pathway (AOX) components. BRs also help in avoiding oxidative damage done by ROS as it initiates the production of ethylene and ROS, which in turn activates AOX, leading to the detoxification of excess ROS produced [174]. BR and ethylene act synergistically in overcoming the adverse effects of salinity during seed germination.…”

Section: Jasmonic Acid Brassinosteroids and Ethylenementioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene: A Master Regulator of Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants

et al. 2020

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Salinity stress is one of the major threats to agricultural productivity across the globe. Research in the past three decades, therefore, has focused on analyzing the effects of salinity stress on the plants. Evidence gathered over the years supports the role of ethylene as a key regulator of salinity stress tolerance in plants. This gaseous plant hormone regulates many vital cellular processes starting from seed germination to photosynthesis for maintaining the plants’ growth and yield under salinity stress. Ethylene modulates salinity stress responses largely via maintaining the homeostasis of Na+/K+, nutrients, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inducing antioxidant defense in addition to elevating the assimilation of nitrates and sulfates. Moreover, a cross-talk of ethylene signaling with other phytohormones has also been observed, which collectively regulate the salinity stress responses in plants. The present review provides a comprehensive update on the prospects of ethylene signaling and its cross-talk with other phytohormones to regulate salinity stress tolerance in plants.

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“…This was also in contradiction with the overall positive influence that BRs had in various plant models, including tomato (Bitterlich et al, 2014a(Bitterlich et al, , 2014bFoo et al, 2016;Tofighi et al, 2017). However, most of this information was obtained using BR-deficient mutants under experimental conditions that may have influenced other plant hormones (e.g., ethylene; Jiroutova, Oklestkova & Strnad, 2018), known to affect mycorrhizal colonization. Another possible drawback was that the effect on AMF colonization was revealed only after BR levels were severely reduced (Foo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Ion Identitymentioning

confidence: 91%

Distinct gene expression and secondary metabolite profiles insuppressor of prosystemin-mediated responses2 (spr2)tomato mutants having impaired mycorrhizal colonization

Casarrubias-Castillo

Montero-Vargas

Dabdoub-González

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization, sampled at 32-50 days post-inoculation (dpi), was significantly reduced in suppressor of prosysteminmediated responses2 (spr2) mutant tomato plants impaired in the ω−3 FATTY ACID DESATURASE7 (FAD7) gene that limits the generation of linolenic acid and, consequently, the wound-responsive jasmonic acid (JA) burst. Contrary to wild-type (WT) plants, JA levels in root and leaves of spr2 mutants remained unchanged in response to AMF colonization, further supporting its regulatory role in the AM symbiosis. Decreased AMF colonization in spr2 plants was also linked to alterations associated with a disrupted FAD7 function, such as enhanced salicylic acid (SA) levels and SA-related defense gene expression and a reduction in fatty acid content in both mycorrhizal spr2 roots and leaves. Transcriptomic data revealed that lower mycorrhizal colonization efficiency in spr2 mutants coincided with the modified expression of key genes controlling gibberellin and ethylene signaling, brassinosteroid, ethylene, apocarotenoid and phenylpropanoid synthesis, and the wound response. Targeted metabolomic analysis, performed at 45 dpi, revealed augmented contents of L-threonic acid and DL-malic acid in colonized spr2 roots which suggested unfavorable conditions for AMF colonization. Additionally, timeand genotype-dependent changes in root steroid glycoalkaloid levels, including tomatine, suggested that these metabolites might positively regulate the AM symbiosis in tomato. Untargeted metabolomic analysis demonstrated that the tomato root metabolomes were distinctly affected by genotype, mycorrhizal colonization and colonization time. In conclusion, reduced AMF colonization efficiency in spr2 mutants is probably caused by multiple and interconnected JA-dependent and independent gene expression and metabolomic alterations.How to cite this article Casarrubias-Castillo K, Montero-Vargas JM, Dabdoub-González N, Winkler R, Martinez-Gallardo NA, Zañudo-Hernández J, Avilés-Arnaut H, Délano-Frier JP. 2020. Distinct gene expression and secondary metabolite profiles in suppressor of prosystemin-mediated responses2 (spr2) tomato mutants having impaired mycorrhizal colonization. PeerJ 8:e8888 . 2012. Loss of function of fatty acid desaturase 7 in tomato enhances basal aphid resistance in a salicylate-dependent manner.

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Crosstalk between Brassinosteroids and Ethylene during Plant Growth and under Abiotic Stress Conditions

Cited by 62 publications

References 47 publications

TRANSTHYRETIN-LIKE and BYPASS1-LIKE co-regulate growth and cold tolerance in Arabidopsis

TRANSTHYRETIN-LIKE and BYPASS1-LIKE co-regulate growth and cold tolerance in Arabidopsis

Ethylene: A Master Regulator of Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants

Distinct gene expression and secondary metabolite profiles insuppressor of prosystemin-mediated responses2 (spr2)tomato mutants having impaired mycorrhizal colonization

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