Crossroads, Milestones, amd Landmarks in Insect Development and Evolution: Implications for Systematics

DeSalle, Rob; Agosti, Donat; Whiting, Michael F.; Perez‐Sweeney, Beatriz; Remsen, J. V.; Baker, Rick; Bonacum, James; Bang, Ranhy

doi:10.5642/aliso.19951404.09

aliso

1995

DOI: 10.5642/aliso.19951404.09

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Crossroads, Milestones, amd Landmarks in Insect Development and Evolution: Implications for Systematics

Rob DeSalle¹,

Donat Agosti²,

Michael F. Whiting³

et al.

Abstract: Our understanding of insect development and evolution has increased greatly due to recent advances in the comparative developmental approach. Modem developmental biology techniques such as in situ hybridization and molecular analysis of developmentally important genes and gene families have greatly facilitated these advances. The role of the comparative developmental approach in insect systematics is explored in this paper and we suggest two important applications of the approach to insect systematics-characte… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

References 46 publications

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What’s in a character?

DeSalle

2006

Journal of Biomedical Informatics

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Systematic analyses are included as integral parts of bioinformatic analysis. The use of phenetic and phylogenetic trees in many of the newer areas of biology create a need for bioinformaticists to understand more completely the nuances of systematic analysis. Any description in comparative biology, universally begins with what information to use in the comparative endeavor. Phylogenetic approaches are no different. The diversity of approaches and phylogenetic questions in systematics have sometimes hindered a precise understanding of what primary data should be collected to perform such analyses. In addition, one should always keep in mind that the objective of systematic organization of entities in nature not only strives to organize those entities in an objective, repeatable and operational way, but also to organize the attributes of the entities in a similar hierarchical context. This paper attempts to describe characters as the basis of all comparative analysis, to describe the diverse kinds of primary data that exist today in biology, genomics, and bioinformatics, and to place these kinds of primary data in the context of the established approaches to tree building.

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What’s in a character?

DeSalle

2006

Journal of Biomedical Informatics

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Developmental Variation, Homology, and the Pharyngula Stage

Collazo¹

2000

Systematic Biology

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Understanding how development varies both inter- and intraspecifically can be important for systematic and evolutionary studies. This review will explore three different ways such understanding can be applied to evolutionary analyses. First, developmental data can be useful for homology determination. Interspecific variation in development has been thought to make developmental data poor candidates for determining homology. However, an updated developmental criterion that is more broadly comparative and mechanistic augments the available criteria used in homology determination. Second, modern cell and molecular biology are providing a better understanding of the many developmental processes involved in a structure's formation and will augment the number of characters available for phylogenetic analyses. Recent work has revealed that what had been thought to be a highly conserved developmental stage, the pharyngula (the phylotypic and zootypic stage of craniates) is highly variable. This variation can be seen in the development of such tissues as neural crest and placodes. These tissues are particularly interesting from a phylogenetic standpoint because they and the structures they form contribute to key synapomorphies of craniates. Finally, understanding developmental processes and how they form the variety of morphologies seen in nature will help in constructing the transformations that occurred during evolution. One such example involves descriptions of how lateral line development is affected in different mutant lines of zebrafish. The many species of teleost fishes express great variation in the patterns of their lateral lines, and this is often an important systematic character. Understanding the genetic basis of lateral line development would help not only in hypothesizing possible transformational series but also in determining how many genes may have been required for these transformations.

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Transformationalism, Taxism, and Developmental Biology in Systematics

2000

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Issues concerning transformational and taxic comparisons are central to understanding the impact of the recent proliferation of molecular developmental data on evolutionary biology. More importantly, an understanding of taxism and transformationalism in comparative biology is critical to assessing the impact of the recent developmental data on systematic theory and practice. We examine the philosophical and practical aspects of the transformational approach and the relevance of this approach to recent molecular-based developmental data. We also examine the theoretical basis of the taxic approach to molecular developmental data and suggest that developmental data are perfectly amenable to the taxic approach. Two recent examples from the molecular developmental biology literature--the evolution of insect wings and the evolution of dorsal ventral inversion in vertebrates and invertebrates--are used to compare the taxic and transformational approaches. We conclude that the transformational approach is entirely appropriate for ontogenetic studies and furthermore can serve as an excellent source of hypotheses about the evolution of characters. However, the taxic approach is the ultimate arbiter of these hypotheses.

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Crossroads, Milestones, amd Landmarks in Insect Development and Evolution: Implications for Systematics

Cited by 4 publications

References 46 publications

What’s in a character?

What’s in a character?

Developmental Variation, Homology, and the Pharyngula Stage

Transformationalism, Taxism, and Developmental Biology in Systematics

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