Crossinhibitory Activities of Ngn1 and Math1 Allow Specification of Distinct Dorsal Interneurons

Gowan, Katherine; Helms, Amy W.; Hunsaker, Thomas; Collisson, Tandi; Ebert, Philip J.; Odom, Raanan; Johnson, Jane E.

doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00367-1

Cited by 285 publications

(376 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Simultaneously, the expression domains of XNeuroD and XMyT1 expand in a region lateral to the ventricular zone, similar to NeuroD expression in the mammalian spinal cord (Lee et al, 1995;Ma et al, 1996), suggesting that neurons are determined and begin to differentiate while they are displaced laterally from the ventricular zone. However, unlike mammalian Neurogenin1 and Neurogenin2 Sommer et al, 1996;Simmons et al, 2001;Scardigli et al, 2001;Gowan et al, 2001), X-NGNR-1 is not expressed in broad domains of the ventricular zone during this third phase, suggesting that spinal neurogenesis in larvae is largely regulated by other neuronal determination genes (see e.g., Lee, 1997;Guillemot, 1999;Brunet and Ghysen, 1999).…”

Section: Discussion Neurogenesis In the Xenopus Spinal Cord Proceeds mentioning

confidence: 97%

Thyroid hormone promotes neurogenesis in the Xenopus spinal cord

Schlosser

Koyano-Nakagawa

Kintner

2002

Developmental Dynamics

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Three phases of neurogenesis can be recognized during Xenopus spinal cord development. An early peak during gastrulation/ neurulation is followed by a phase of low level neurogenesis throughout the remaining embryonic stages and a later peak at early larval stages. We show here that several genes known to be essential for early neurogenesis (X-NGNR-1, XNeuroD, XMyT1, X-Delta-1) are also expressed during later phases of neurogenesis in the spinal cord, suggesting that they are involved in regulating spinal neurogenesis at later stages. However, additional neuronal determination genes may be important during larval stages, because X-NGNR-1 shows only scant expression in the spinal cord during larval stages. Thyroid hormone treatment of early larvae promotes neurogenesis in the spinal cord, where thyroid hormone receptor xTR␣ is expressed from early larval stages onward and results in precocious up-regulation of XNeuroD, XMyT1, and N-Tubulin expression. Similarly, thyroid hormone treatments of Xenopus embryos, which were coinjected with xTR␣ and the retinoid X receptor xRXR␣, repeatedly resulted in increased numbers of neurons, whereas unliganded receptors repressed neurogenesis. Our findings show that thyroid hormones are sufficient to up-regulate neurogenesis in the Xenopus spinal cord.

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Section: Discussion Neurogenesis In the Xenopus Spinal Cord Proceeds mentioning

confidence: 97%

Thyroid hormone promotes neurogenesis in the Xenopus spinal cord

Schlosser

Koyano-Nakagawa

Kintner

2002

Developmental Dynamics

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“…In addition, Ngn1 is not globally induced by TGIF, as Ngn1 expression is not induced in other areas of the neural tube, despite high levels of electroporated TGIF expression. Because Cath1 and Ngn1 mutually repress each other's expression (Gowan et al, 2001), it is likely that the Ngn1 expansion is secondary to the loss of the Cath1 subpopulation. Alternatively, it is also possible that the effect of TGIF may be limited spatially such that TGIF does not have an effect in other zones of Ngn1 expression.…”

Section: Tgif Regulates Neuronal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TGIF binds primarily to Smad2/3, and weaker binding to Smad1 was observed (Wotton et al, 1999a). Some of the genes regulated by TGIF, including Cath1, Lhx2b, Msx2, and Pax6, have been shown to be induced by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs; Gowan et al, 2001;Timmer et al, 2002). In addition, Wnt1 expression is induced by BMP signaling, possibly by means of Msx as an intermediate (Panchision et al, 2001;Bach et al, 2003;Liu et al, 2004).…”

Section: Tgif Plays a Role In Tgf-␤ And Retinoic Acid Signalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGIF, a gene associated with human brain defects, regulates neuronal development

2006

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-TG-3 -interacting factor (TGIF) is an atypical homeodomain protein.In vitro studies have shown that TGIF can repress transcription mediated by either of two signaling pathways: TGF-␤ and retinoic acid signaling. Mutations in TGIF have been detected in patients with holoprosencephaly (HPE), a severe brain malformation associated with mental retardation. Thus, TGIF must play an essential role in nervous system development. However, the precise function of TGIF during vertebrate neural development is unknown. To investigate the in vivo role of TGIF, we overexpressed TGIF in the developing chick neural tube. Overexpressed TGIF decreased expression of specific genes expressed in dorsally restricted domains of the neural tube, including Cath1, Msx2, Pax6, and Wnt1. In contrast, the expression of other transcription factors, including those necessary for ventral fate such as Nkx2.2, was not affected. Furthermore, a missense mutation in TGIF identified in an HPE patient disrupted the activity of TGIF. In addition, the related protein TGIF2 did not demonstrate the same activity as TGIF. Our data suggest that TGIF plays an important role in regulating the expression of genes expressed in specific dorsal-ventral domains during neural development.

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“…Primary cultures of trigeminal neural crest cells were immunostained with the following primary antibodies: (1) rabbit anti-ngn-1 (1:250; gift from Dr. J. E. Gowan et al, 2001), (2) anti-Brn3a, and (3) antiPatched. The cultures were fixed with 4% PFA for 1 hr on ice.…”

Section: Immunostainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of neurogenin‐1 expression by sonic hedgehog: Its role in development of trigeminal sensory neurons

Ota

2003

Developmental Dynamics

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We have examined the roles of signaling molecules in the mechanisms underlying the induction of neurogenin (ngn)-1 expression. ngn-1 is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, which is essential for the specification of trigeminal sensory neurons. Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using cranial explants in organ cultures showed that sonic hedgehog (Shh) promotes ngn-1 expression. This promoting activity was not observed in other signaling molecules examined. The promotion of ngn-1 expression by Shh, furthermore, was inhibited by cyclopamine, a specific inhibitor of Shh signaling. Shh did not affect the expression of ngn-2, a bHLH transcription factor that plays an important role in the specification of epibranchial placode-derived sensory neurons.

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Crossinhibitory Activities of Ngn1 and Math1 Allow Specification of Distinct Dorsal Interneurons

Cited by 285 publications

References 57 publications

Thyroid hormone promotes neurogenesis in the Xenopus spinal cord

Thyroid hormone promotes neurogenesis in the Xenopus spinal cord

TGIF, a gene associated with human brain defects, regulates neuronal development

Induction of neurogenin‐1 expression by sonic hedgehog: Its role in development of trigeminal sensory neurons

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