Crossing family histories of diabetes and cardiovascular disease leads to unexpected outcomes in diabetic offspring

Abstract

Familial histories of DM and EOCHD predispose to increased microvascular and macrovascular risk, respectively, with hyperinsulinemia, lipoprotein(a), and dysfunctional HDLs standing out as mediators of the inherited macrovascular risk. Yet, crossing these FHs did not randomly redistribute vascular risk, because patients with parental T2DM had fewer macrovascular diseases regardless of familial EOCHD. The odds of being left-handed were unexpectedly greater in patients with crossed parental histories.

Combined associations of family history and self-management with age at diagnosis and cardiometabolic risk in 86,931 patients with type 2 diabetes: Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) Register from 11 countries

“…Based on hypothesis defined a priori, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first real-world evidence on the combined associations of FamH and behavioral factors with age at diagnosis and control of cardiometabolic risk factors in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes. In this study, the proportion of patients with FamH of diabetes ranged from 39.1% in Vietnam to 85.3% in Malaysia, similar to the 40–60% prevalence of FamH reported from Korea, India, and Belgium [ 14 – 17 ], Overall, the FamH group was diagnosed 4.6 years younger than the non-FamH group which was the same as that reported in a Korean study [ 14 ]. In Sydney, other researchers also showed earlier age of diagnosis by 1.7 years for every 10% increase in affected family members [ 29 ].…”

Chronic complications risk among type 2 diabetes patients with a family history of diabetes

“…FH+ was independently associated with microvascular complications (retinopathy and neuropathy), but not with any ASCVD. In line with previous studies, FH+ was associated with retinopathy and neuropathy but not with DKD 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ; and that family history of CAD or stroke were stronger predictors for ASCVD than family history of diabetes. 10 , 11 , 12 …”

“…1,2 FH+ was independently associated with microvascular complications (retinopathy and neuropathy), but not with any ASCVD. In line with previous studies, FH+ was associated with retinopathy and neuropathy but not with DKD [7][8][9][10] ; and that family history of CAD or stroke were stronger predictors for ASCVD than family history of diabetes. [10][11][12] FH+ has been associated with younger onset of diabetes, which was characterized by poor glycemic control and more progressive complications.…”

“…In line with previous studies, FH+ was associated with retinopathy and neuropathy but not with DKD [7][8][9][10] ; and that family history of CAD or stroke were stronger predictors for ASCVD than family history of diabetes. [10][11][12] FH+ has been associated with younger onset of diabetes, which was characterized by poor glycemic control and more progressive complications. 13,14 Offspring of T2DM has been reported to demonstrate oxidative stress upregulation following highcarbohydrate challenge, in addition to dysregulated antioxidative status, compared to those in the FHcounterpart with similar metabolic profile.…”

Advances in HDL: Much More than Lipid Transporters

“…[86]. Moreover, the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, including hypercholesterolemia [13,60,87], obesity [88], diabetes type 1 and 2 [89,90], and even frequent exposure to pollution [91][92][93] or ethnicity have demonstrated to impact HDL properties and induce structural changes leading to variations in their subtypes profile. Altogether, these conditions may help explain the disappointing results observed in clinical trials aiming to increase HDL-c levels in secondary prevention.…”