Crossed Grating Beam Splitter for Magnetooptical Pickup Head

Kawatsuki, Nobuhiro; Uetsuki, Masao

doi:10.1143/jjap.29.2420

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…[1,2] One area well researched is holographic diffractive elements, and several types of photosensitive materials have been developed into new holographic grating devices, including photochromic polymers [3±6] and photoreactive polymers. [7,8] Numerous studies reported that irradiating polymers containing azobenzene side groups with linearly polarized COMMUNICATIONS …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Polarization Gratings and Surface Relief Gratings in Photocrosslinkable Polymer Liquid Crystals by Polarization Holography

Kawatsuki¹,

Hasegawa

Ono³

et al. 2003

Advanced Materials

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diazole [12], and 2,7-bis(4¢,4¢,5¢,5¢-tetramethyl-1¢,3¢,2¢-dioxaborolan-2¢-yl)-9-(2¢¢-ethylhexyl)-9-hexylfluorene (1) [13] were prepared following previously published procedures.4,7-Di-2¢-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole: To a stirred solution of 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzotiadiazole (1.32 g, 4.5 mmol), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)-Pd(0) (95 mg, 0.09 mmol) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (50 mL) was added 2-thiophene boronic acid (1.5 g, 11.7 mmol) and 1 M NaHCO 3 (40 mL). The mixture was refluxed overnight and 1,2-dimethoxyethane was evaporated under vacuum. The product was extracted with diethyl ether, successively washed with 1 M NaOH and water, and dried over Na 2 SO 4 . Removal of the solvent afforded the crude product as a red oil that was further purified using flash chromatography (silica gel, petroleum ether 40±60 C/ethyl acetate, 50:1 as eluent) to yield 1.15 g (85 %) of the product as red crystals. 4,7-Di-2¢-(5¢-bromo)-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (2): To a stirred solution of 4,7-di-2¢-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (1.44 g, 4.8 mmol) in dimethylformamide (DMF) (25 mL), was added NBS (2.05 g, 11.5 mmol) in darkness. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h and 2 M HCl was added. The product was extracted into chloroform and the organic phase was washed with 10 % sodium bisulfite, 2 M HCl and water successively and dried over Na 2 SO 4 . The solvent was removed to afford the product as dark red crystals that were recrystallized from chloroform to afford 1.30 g, (59 % Poly(2,7-(9-(2¢-ethylhexyl)-9-hexyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4¢,7¢-di-2-thienyl-2¢,1¢,3¢-benzothiadiazole)) (PFDTBT): 4,7-Di-2¢-(5¢-bromo)-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (0.15 g, 0.33 mmol) was mixed with 2,7-bis(4¢,4¢,5¢,5¢-tetramethyl-1¢,3¢,2¢-dioxaborolan-2¢-yl)-9-(2¢¢-ethylhexyl)-9-hexylfluorene (0.22 g, 0.36 mmol, 1.1 equiv), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)Pd(0) (3.0 mg, 2.6 lmol) and toluene (6 mL) and refluxed for 10 min under N 2 . Tetraethylammonium hydroxide (1.0 mL, 20 wt.-% in water, 1.4 mmol) was added with a syringe and the mixture was refluxed for 2.5 h. Bromobenzene (0.05 g, 0.32 mmol) was added and after 1 h reflux phenylboronic acid (0.06 g, 0.5 mmol) was added. After 1 h reflux the polymer was precipitated in MeOH and filtered off. The polymer was dissolved in CHCl 3 and conc. NH 4 OH was added. After stirring overnight the phases were separated and the organic phase was washed with water, filtered and evaporated until 5 mL remained. The polymer was precipitated in methanol and filtered off to yield 0.147 g (approx. 60 %) of the pure polymer. Device Preparation: For all devices, the basic geometry is a thin layer of the conducting polymer complex of PEDOT-PSS (EL grade, Bayer AG) as polymer anode. This layer was deposited by spin-coating on a UV±ozone-treated ITOcoated glass substrate, followed by annealing at 120 C for 5 min, to facilitate the hole collection. The composite single-layer diodes were built by spin-coating solutions with PFDTBT and PCBM (weight ratio 1:4) in chloroform (30 mg mL ±1 ). The polymer layer thickne...

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confidence: 99%

Formation of Polarization Gratings and Surface Relief Gratings in Photocrosslinkable Polymer Liquid Crystals by Polarization Holography

Kawatsuki¹,

Hasegawa

Ono³

et al. 2003

Advanced Materials

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“…3,4 Liquid crystals ͑LCs͒ constitute a novel type of functionalized materials possessing exciting physical and chemical properties, 5 potentially leading to important technological applications such as polarization-sensitive optical devices. The molecules are selectively photoreacted only at the surface of the film under the polarization holographic illumination, and the resultant photocrosslinked mesogenic molecules induce the three-dimensional twisted gratings in the film during annealing process.…”

Section: Twisted Phase Gratings Induced By Photoregulated Mesogenic Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twisted phase gratings induced by photoregulated mesogenic molecules on the surface of photoreactive polymer liquid crystal film

Ono

Sasaki

Emoto

et al. 2006

Applied Physics Letters

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Three-dimensional phase gratings with twisted structures were self-organized by photoregulated mesogenic molecules on the surface of photocrosslinkable polymer liquid crystal film. The molecules are selectively photoreacted only at the surface of the film under the polarization holographic illumination, and the resultant photocrosslinked mesogenic molecules induce the three-dimensional twisted gratings in the film during annealing process. The diffraction properties were well explained by means of Jones calculus and diffraction theory.

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“…Diffractive optical devices are of great importance for realizing numerical optical functions such as optical memory devices, 1) integrated optical devices, 2) and thin-film optical filters. 3,4) It is possible to fabricate diffractive optical devices by exposing light-sensitive materials such as photopolymers to interference light. The resulting gratings can control the light propagation direction and can be used in optoelectronic equipments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Wave Propagation and Bragg Diffraction in Thick Polarization Gratings

Ono¹,

Sekiguchi²,

Emoto³

et al. 2008

jjap

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Light wave propagation in thick polarization gratings has been studied using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The diffraction properties of the polarization Bragg gratings were strongly dependent on both the polarization state and incident angle of the probe beam. These characteristics were well explained by the FDTD calculation and the subsequent Fourier transformation. The FDTD calculation also revealed the light electric field near and/or in the polarization Bragg gratings.

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Crossed Grating Beam Splitter for Magnetooptical Pickup Head

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Formation of Polarization Gratings and Surface Relief Gratings in Photocrosslinkable Polymer Liquid Crystals by Polarization Holography

Formation of Polarization Gratings and Surface Relief Gratings in Photocrosslinkable Polymer Liquid Crystals by Polarization Holography

Twisted phase gratings induced by photoregulated mesogenic molecules on the surface of photoreactive polymer liquid crystal film

Light Wave Propagation and Bragg Diffraction in Thick Polarization Gratings

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