Cross validation with the mood disorder questionnaire (MDQ) of an instrument for the detection of hypomania in Brazil: The 32 item hypomania symptom check-list, first Revision (HCI-32-R1)

Bipolar II disorder in patients with a current diagnosis of recurrent depression

“…The optimal cutoff for distinguishing between BD‐II and RDD was ≥14.0 as in the study by Angst et al. and in most other reports . The sensitivity (83.67%) and specificity (71.9%) found in our study was even better than in most other papers.…”

“…The HCL‐32 was developed for screening hypomanic symptoms , and the scale itself has shown high reliability in various countries . In our study the HCL‐32 was applied for the first time as an interview.…”

Comparative validity of inventories and checklists for identifying depressed patients with hidden bipolarity

“…Out of the nine HCL-32 factors identified by Soares et al, the scree test only accepted a twofactor solution with 20 items in the first factor and seven items in the second [42]. In the Leao and Del Porto study, the scree test also accepted a two-factor solution with 16 items in the first factor and six items in the second [37]. In the oblique rotation study, the scree test accepted three of the seven factors, where the third factor only included the two items on sex-related behavior [41].…”

“…It is, however, always possible to obtain the a coefficient levels found in the MDQ and HCL-32 by simply using questions that are mere variations of one very simple and very restricted theme [36]. In conclusion, it is not correct, as pointed out by Leao and Del Porto [37], that the HCL-32 is superior to the MDQ because of a coefficient a of 0.85 versus 0.76.…”

Screening for bipolar disorder with self-administered questionnaires: A critique of the concept and a call to stop publishing studies of their performance in psychiatric samples

“…This fundamental conceptual error in determining a cutoff score on bipolar disorder screening scales on the basis of optimal agreement with a diagnostic standard has continued in more recent studies. I reviewed 27 recently published studies that examined the performance of bipolar disorder screening scales across a range of scores (Bech, Christensen, Vinberg, Bech-Andersen, & Kessing, 2011;Boschloo et al, 2013;Chou et al, 2012;Cyprien et al, 2014;de Sousa Gurgel et al, 2012;Feng et al, 2016;Frey, Simpson, Wright, & Steiner, 2012;Gamma et al, 2013;Gan et al, 2012;Hsieh et al, 2016;Hu et al, 2012;Imamura et al, 2015;Kung et al, 2015;Leao & Del Porto, 2012;Lee et al, 2013Lee et al, , 2016Mosolov et al, 2014;Nallet et al, 2013;Pan & Yeh, 2015;Perugi et al, 2012;Poon, Chung, Tso, Chang, & Tang, 2012;Sasdelli et al, 2013;Smith et al, 2011;Waleeprakhon et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2011;Zaratiegui et al, 2011). Almost every study recommended a cutoff point on the screening scale that maximized or optimized the level of agreement with the diagnostic gold standard.…”