Cross Validation of Stress Drop Estimates and Interpretations for the 2011 Prague, OK, Earthquake Sequence Using Multiple Methods

Pennington, Colin; Chen, Xiaowei; Abercrombie, Rachel E.; Wu, Qimin

doi:10.1029/2020jb020888

Cited by 29 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(232 reference statements)

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“…They also concluded that relative parameters were better resolved than absolute values, a finding supported by the comparative analysis of Pennington et al. (2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Does Earthquake Stress Drop Increase With Depth in the Crust?

et al. 2021

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“…They also concluded that relative parameters were better resolved than absolute values, a finding supported by the comparative analysis of Pennington et al. (2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Does Earthquake Stress Drop Increase With Depth in the Crust?

et al. 2021

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“…Comparison of different methods (e.g. [15,120,194]) and the use of synthetic tests [98] are all helping to distinguish earthquakes with better and poorer parameters estimates, and detect systematic bias. Analysis of earthquakes recorded by dense nodal arrays is also helping to quantify the inherent uncertainties from more typical numbers of stations [145,195], and methods that do not require assumption of a source model could prove useful (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolution and uncertainties in estimates of earthquake stress drop and energy release

Abercrombie

2021

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Our models and understanding of the dynamics of earthquake rupture are based largely on estimates of earthquake source parameters, such as stress drop and radiated seismic energy. Unfortunately, the measurements, especially those of small and moderate-sized earthquakes (magnitude less than about 5 or 6), are not well resolved, containing significant random and potentially systematic uncertainties. The aim of this review is to provide a context in which to understand the challenges involved in estimating these measurements, and to assess the quality and reliability of reported measurements of earthquake source parameters. I also discuss some of the ways progress is being made towards more reliable parameter measurements. At present, whether the earthquake source is entirely self-similar, or not, and which factors and processes control the physics of the rupture remains, at least in the author's opinion, largely unconstrained. Detailed analysis of the best recorded earthquakes, using the increasing quantity and quality of data available, and methods less dependent on simplistic source models is one approach that may help provide better constraints. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Fracture dynamics of solid materials: from particles to the globe’.

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“…However, the number of events for which one can estimate spectral parameters decreases between the single‐spectrum and CEM approaches, and decreases drastically for spectral‐ratio fitting. The relative merits between comparing the results using different approaches is that it can help identify biases in individual methods while retaining a larger number of events for which parameter estimates can be interpreted (Pennington et al., 2021).…”

Section: Source Parameter Inversion: Spectral Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Properties of Hydraulic‐Fracturing‐Induced Earthquakes in the Kiskatinaw Area, British Columbia, Canada

et al. 2022

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This work presents a high resolution source property study of hydraulic fracturing induced earthquakes in the Montney Formation, a low‐permeability tight shale reservoir in the Kiskatinaw area, northeast British Columbia, Canada. We estimate source parameters, including focal mechanism solutions (FMSs), seismic moment, spectral corner frequency, and static stress drop values of earthquakes recorded between July 2017 and July 2020. Waveform‐similarity‐based event classification of 8,283 earthquakes yields 52 event families (clusters) and 1,014 isolated events (individuals). We calculate a total of 64 FMSs of events ML > 2.5 with high‐quality waveforms. Of the 64 solutions, 54 come from events within families, and are used to infer an additional 3,500 focal mechanisms of smaller‐magnitude events with similar waveforms. The other 10 are isolated events. The dominant faulting style inferred from FMSs highlights multiple cascading, shallow, strike‐slip events and generally isolated, larger‐magnitude reverse‐style events in close proximity to the Fort St. John Graben system. Inferred nodal planes of strike‐slip events are at low‐angles to regional SHmax, suggesting optimally oriented, left‐lateral faults. Reverse faulting nodal planes are roughly perpendicular to SHmax and have an orientation consistent with the reactivation of pre‐existing normal basement faults. Source spectral analysis using three approaches, including spectral‐ratio fitting, suggests a constant stress drop of 1–10 MPa and self‐similarity for induced events. Constant stress drop scaling breaks down at magnitudes smaller than ∼ML 2.0, likely due to observational bandwidth limitations.

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Cross Validation of Stress Drop Estimates and Interpretations for the 2011 Prague, OK, Earthquake Sequence Using Multiple Methods

Cited by 29 publications

References 77 publications

Does Earthquake Stress Drop Increase With Depth in the Crust?

Does Earthquake Stress Drop Increase With Depth in the Crust?

Resolution and uncertainties in estimates of earthquake stress drop and energy release

Source Properties of Hydraulic‐Fracturing‐Induced Earthquakes in the Kiskatinaw Area, British Columbia, Canada

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