Cross-validation of a non-invasive positron detector to measure the arterial input function for pharmacokinetic modelling in dynamic positron emission tomography

Carroll, Liam; Croteau, Étienne; Kertzscher, Gustavo; Sarrhini, Otman; Turgeon, Vincent; Enger, Shirin A.

doi:10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.06.009

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This study is a continuation of our previous work where we conducted proof of principle measurements with a radiation detector, called NID, designed to measure the AIF non-invasively for dPET imaging. 22 However, the previous model of the NID had problems that we have solved in this work. Through Monte Carlo simulations the geometry of the NID was optimized to (A) provide a higher total detection efficiency and (B) successfully separate the arterial component of a simulated AIF signal from the venous component.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…A polyethylene cylinder with a length of 10 cm and 6.413 cm in diameter was modeled as a wrist phantom. This phantom design was chosen to match the wrist phantom used in our previous proof of concept work 22 . Two cylindrical holes 2.30 mm in diameter consisting of water were placed at different distances below the surface of the wrist phantom with a separation of 6 mm to simulate the patient's radial artery and vein.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The common details needed for simulation of the two setups are presented below while the specific details for each of the designs are presented in the following sections. Based on our previous work, 22,23 single-clad BCF-12 scintillating fibers (BCF-12, St-Gobain Crystals and Detectors, France) were used in all simulations. Table 3 shows BCF-12 characteristics and compares it to the lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate crystal (LYSO), a popular inorganic scintillating crystal.…”

Section: Detector Optimization Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fiber was looped 16 times around a 3D printed cylinder to form a coil. 22 Proof of principle measurements were performed using a microfluidic loop and common PET radioisotopes to show the feasibility of this design. The results from these experiments showed that the NID was a promising method to measure the AIF, but that it had some limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This allowed for dual‐readout of the detector. The fiber was looped 16 times around a 3D printed cylinder to form a coil 22 . Proof of principle measurements were performed using a microfluidic loop and common PET radioisotopes to show the feasibility of this design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of a novel, non‐invasive radiation detector to measure the arterial input function for dynamic positron emission tomography

Carroll

Enger

2022

Medical Physics

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Background: Dynamic positron emission tomography (dPET) is a nuclear medicine imaging technique providing functional images for organs of interest with applications in oncology, cardiology, and drug discovery. This technique requires the acquisition of the time-course arterial plasma activity concentration, called the arterial input function (AIF), which is conventionally acquired via arterial blood sampling. Purpose: The aim of this study was to (A) optimize the geometry for a novel and cost efficient non-invasive detector called NID designed to measure the AIF for dPET scans through Monte Carlo simulations and (B) develop a clinical data analysis chain to successfully separate the arterial component of a simulated AIF signal from the venous component. Methods:The NID was optimized by using an in-house Geant4-based software package. The sensitive volume of the NID consists of a band of 10 cm long and 1 mm in diameter scintillating fibers placed over a wrist phantom. The phantom was simulated as a cylinder, 10 cm long and 6.413 cm in diameter comprised of polyethylene with two holes placed through it to simulate the patient's radial artery and vein. This phantom design was chosen to match the wrist phantom used in our previous proof of concept work.Two geometries were simulated with different arrangements of scintillating fibers. The first design used a single layer of 64 fibers. The second used two layers, an inner layer with 29 fibers and an outer layer with 30 fibers. Four positron emitting radioisotopes were simulated: 18 F, 11 C, 15 O, and 68 Ga with 100 million simulated decay events per run. The total and intrinsic efficiencies of both designs were calculated as well as the full width half maximum (FWHM) of the signal. In addition, contribution by the annihilation photons versus positrons to the signal was investigated. The results obtained from the two simulated detector models were compared. A clinical data analysis chain using an expectation maximization maximum likelihood algorithm was tested. This analysis chain will be used to separate arterial counts from the total signal. Results: The second NID design with two layers of scintillating fibers had a higher efficiency for all simulations with a maximum increase of 17% total efficiency for 11 C simulation. All simulations had a significant annihilation photon contribution. The signal for 18 F and 11 C was almost entirely due to photons. The clinical data analysis chain was within 1% of the true value for 434 out of 440 trials. Further experimental studies to validate these simulations will be required. Conclusions:The design of the NID was optimized and its efficiency increased through Monte Carlo simulations. A clinical data analysis chain was successfullyThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detector Optimization Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of a novel, non‐invasive radiation detector to measure the arterial input function for dynamic positron emission tomography

Carroll

Enger

2022

Medical Physics

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EANM guidance document: dosimetry for first-in-human studies and early phase clinical trials

Stokke,

Gnesin,

Tran-Gia

et al. 2024

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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The numbers of diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine agents under investigation are rapidly increasing. Both novel emitters and novel carrier molecules require careful selection of measurement procedures. This document provides guidance relevant to dosimetry for first-in human and early phase clinical trials of such novel agents. The guideline includes a short introduction to different emitters and carrier molecules, followed by recommendations on the methods for activity measurement, pharmacokinetic analyses, as well as absorbed dose calculations and uncertainty analyses. The optimal use of preclinical information and studies involving diagnostic analogues is discussed. Good practice reporting is emphasised, and relevant dosimetry parameters and method descriptions to be included are listed. Three examples of first-in-human dosimetry studies, both for diagnostic tracers and radionuclide therapies, are given.

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M-TAG: A modular teaching-aid for Geant4

Carroll,

Enger

2023

Heliyon

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Cross-validation of a non-invasive positron detector to measure the arterial input function for pharmacokinetic modelling in dynamic positron emission tomography

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

Simulation of a novel, non‐invasive radiation detector to measure the arterial input function for dynamic positron emission tomography

Simulation of a novel, non‐invasive radiation detector to measure the arterial input function for dynamic positron emission tomography

EANM guidance document: dosimetry for first-in-human studies and early phase clinical trials

M-TAG: A modular teaching-aid for Geant4

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