Cross-Training Highly Interdependent Teams: Effects on Team Processes and Team Performance

Situation Awareness in Team Performance: Implications for Measurement and Training

“…In an empirical investigation of two-member teams, Travillian, Volpe, Cannon-Bowers, and Salas (1993) showed that cross-training improved team performance. These researchers hypothesized that this improvement was attributable to the development of shared mental models in the team.…”

Promoting health care safety through training high reliability teams

“…The characteristics found to be indicative of promoting safety at an organizational level and their translation into behaviors needed by HRTs are shown in fig 1. These characteristics are supported through the organization (for example, by leadership and support from upper level management) and training, and ultimately lead to workplace safety. By following the science of training and systematically designing and implementing instructional strategies, 33 34 35 There are three levels of cross training: 36 (1) positional clarification (general knowledge regarding position and associated responsibilities); (2) positional modeling (general dynamics of the team, other team members' duties, and how own duties relate to and affect others), and (3) positional rotation (working knowledge of the specific job activities of others and how own duties interact with and affect others). The appropriate level of training will depend on the level of interdependency and technical expertise required by team members.…”

Standardized Assessment for Evaluation of Team Skills

“…One way to manage this would be to use only within-role scenarios; however, cross-training in other roles may be a valuable component of teamwork training 35,36 and, thus, useful in an assessment tool. All 7 of the raters who completed the survey indicated that they believed the scenarios assessed important teamwork skills.…”