Cross-Tolerance and Autoimmunity as Missing Links in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Responses in Plants: A Perspective toward Secondary Metabolic Engineering

Perincherry, Lakshmipriya; Stępień, Łukasz; Soniya, E. V.

doi:10.3390/ijms222111945

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(96 reference statements)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, physiological and biochemical analyses showed that the pearl millet plants under salt stress exhibited reduced growth rates, decreased chlorophyll content, increased electrolyte leakage, and higher levels of reactive oxygen species compared to the control group. 29 The study results (Figures 9-11) reveal four common abiotic KEGG pathways that play vital roles in pearl millet's response to salt and heat stress: phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis (antenna proteins), photosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction. These metabolic pathways are believed to be essential in the mechanism of cross-tolerance.…”

Section: Heat and Salt Stress Impact On Gene Expression And Adaptive ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abiotic stress tolerance in pearl millet: Unraveling molecular mechanisms via transcriptomics

Dhawi

2024

Science Progress

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Pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum (L.)) is a vital cereal crop renowned for its ability to thrive in challenging environmental conditions; however, the molecular mechanisms governing its salt stress tolerance remain poorly understood. To address this gap, next-generation RNA sequencing was conducted to compare gene expression patterns in pearl millet seedlings exposed to salt stress with those grown under normal conditions. Our RNA sequencing analysis focused on shoots from 13-day-old pearl millet plants subjected to either salinity stress (150 mmol of NaCl for 3 days) or thermal stress (50°C for 60 s). Of 36,041 genes examined, 17,271 genes with fold changes ranging from 2.2 to 19.6 were successfully identified. Specifically, 2388 genes were differentially upregulated in response to heat stress, whereas 4327 genes were downregulated. Under salt stress conditions, 2013 genes were upregulated and 4221 genes were downregulated. Transcriptomic analysis revealed four common abiotic KEGG pathways that play crucial roles in the response of pearl millet to salt and heat stress: phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis–antenna proteins, photosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction. These metabolic pathways are necessary for pearl millet to withstand and adapt to abiotic stresses caused by salt and heat. Moreover, the pearl millet shoot heat stress group showed specific transcriptomics related to KEEG metabolic pathways such as cytochrome P450, cutin, suberine, and wax biosynthesis, zeatin biosynthesis, crocin biosynthesis, ginsenoside biosynthesis, saponin biosynthesis, and biosynthesis of various plant secondary metabolites. In contrast, pearl millet shoots exposed to salinity stress exhibited transcriptomic changes associated with KEEG metabolic pathways related to carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, mismatch repair, and nitrogen metabolism. Our findings underscore the remarkable cross-tolerance of pearl millet to simultaneous salt and heat stress, elucidated through the activation of shared abiotic KEGG pathways. This study emphasizes the pivotal role of transcriptomics analysis in unraveling the molecular responses of pearl millet under abiotic stress conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heat and Salt Stress Impact On Gene Expression And Adaptive ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic stress tolerance in pearl millet: Unraveling molecular mechanisms via transcriptomics

Dhawi

2024

Science Progress

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“…Plant SMs are often linked with the plant's resistance to environmental stressors [26,[44][45][46][47][48]. Phenols, flavonoids specifically, can act in various roles: as antioxidants [44,45], antimicrobials [45], etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Populus tremula × P. alba Microshoot Secondary Metabolism Response after Paenibacillus sp. Inoculation In Vitro

Vaitiekūnaite

Striganavičiūtė²,

Mishcherikova³

et al. 2022

Forests

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Bacterial biostimulants are an eco-friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers. However, before their introduction into open ecosystems, broad-scope studies need to be carried out. Paenibacillus sp. was shown to positively affect poplar root growth. It was hypothesized that alongside these improvements, the Paenibacillus sp. inoculant may affect its host’s secondary metabolism. Populus tremula × P. alba microshoots were inoculated in vitro. Microshoots were tested for chlorophyll, carotenoid, total flavonoid (TFC), total phenol content (TPC) and free radical scavenging capacity during primary growth after 4, 6 and 8 weeks. The results showed that the inoculation decreased shoot phenolics and free radical scavenging capacity after 6 and 8 weeks. Chlorophyll b amounts increased after 6 and 8 weeks. Carotenoid content decreased after 6 weeks, while chlorophyll a and carotenoid levels increased after 8 weeks. Correlation and principal component analyses showed that the inoculant changed the way in which the photosynthesis pigment content relates to TPC, TFC and radical scavenging activity. Overall, these data suggest that the inoculant does statistically significantly affect Populus tree secondary metabolism in the later stages of the initial growth period. This effect may potentially be compensatory in nature.

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“…Thus, inducible defenses are activated immediately following plant tissue damage, whereas constitutive defenses are ubiquitously active prior to injury. In response to stress, plants may elicit defenses by hormone pathways and chemical signals, resulting in cross‐tolerance so that activation of one stress response leads to eliciting multiple responses to combat various types of stress (Perincherry et al, 2021). An example of cross‐tolerance is demonstrated in the mechanical wounded tomato plant showing increased salt tolerance that involved both systemin and the jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthetic pathway (Capiati et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KED gene expression in early response to wounding stress in tomato plants

Zhang,

Vichyavichien,

Nifakos

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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The wounding‐responsive KED gene, named for its coding for a lysine (K), glutamic acid (E), and aspartic acid (D)‐rich protein, is widely present among land plants. However, little is known about its regulation or function. In this study, we found that transcription of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) KED gene, SlKED, was rapidly and transiently elevated by wounding or ethephon treatment. Compared to the wild‐type plants, the CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated SlKED knockout plants did not exhibit altered expression patterns for genes involved in hormone biosynthesis or stress signaling, suggesting a lack of pleiotropic effect on other stress‐responsive genes. Conversely, jasmonic acid did not appear to directly regulate SlKED expression. Wounded leaves of the KED‐lacking plants exhibited higher binding of Evans blue dye than the wild‐type, indicating a possible role for KED in healing damaged tissues. The SlKED knockout plants showed a similar dietary effect as the wild‐type on the larval growth of tobacco hornworm. But a higher frequency of larval mandible (mouth) movement was recorded during the first 2 minutes of feeding on the wounded KED‐lacking SlKED knockout plants than on the wounded KED‐producing wild‐type plants, probably reflecting an initial differential response by the feeding larvae to the SlKED knockout plants. Our findings suggest that SlKED may be an ethylene‐mediated early responder to mechanical stress in tomato, acting downstream of the wound stress response pathways. Although its possible involvement in response to other biotic and abiotic stresses is still unclear, we propose that SlKED may play a role in plant's rapid, short‐term, early wounding responses, such as in cellular damage healing.

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Cross-Tolerance and Autoimmunity as Missing Links in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Responses in Plants: A Perspective toward Secondary Metabolic Engineering

Cited by 5 publications

References 105 publications

Abiotic stress tolerance in pearl millet: Unraveling molecular mechanisms via transcriptomics

Abiotic stress tolerance in pearl millet: Unraveling molecular mechanisms via transcriptomics

Populus tremula × P. alba Microshoot Secondary Metabolism Response after Paenibacillus sp. Inoculation In Vitro

KED gene expression in early response to wounding stress in tomato plants

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