Cross-species functional diversity within the PIN auxin efflux protein family

O’Connor, Devin; Hsia, Mon Mandy; Vogel, John P.; Leyser, Ottoline

doi:10.1101/089854

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…() showed that a P0 auxin maximum associates with the L1‐localized convergence of the PIN1 homolog SISTER OF PIN (SoPIN). Loss of SoPIN function blocks leaf organogenesis (O'Connor et al ., ), in keeping with a model whereby leaf initiation and development of the provascular trace in grasses are subfunctionalized by SoPIN and PIN1a, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that the grasses are not the outliers in their utilization of SoPIN during leaf initiation.…”

Section: Monocot and Eudicot Leaf Initiation: Differences In Degree Amentioning

confidence: 97%

On the mechanisms of development in monocot and eudicot leaves

Conklin

Strable

et al. 2018

New Phytologist

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Contents Summary I. Introduction II. Leaf zones in monocot and eudicot leaves III. Monocot and eudicot leaf initiation: differences in degree and timing, but not kind IV. Reticulate and parallel venation: extending the model? V. Flat laminar growth: patterning and coordination of adaxial-abaxial and mediolateral axes VI. Stipules and ligules: ontogeny of primordial elaborations VII. Leaf architecture VIII. Stomatal development: shared and diverged mechanisms for making epidermal pores IX. Conclusion Acknowledgements References SUMMARY: Comparisons of concepts in monocot and eudicot leaf development are presented, with attention to the morphologies and mechanisms separating these angiosperm lineages. Monocot and eudicot leaves are distinguished by the differential elaborations of upper and lower leaf zones, the formation of sheathing/nonsheathing leaf bases and vasculature patterning. We propose that monocot and eudicot leaves undergo expansion of mediolateral domains at different times in ontogeny, directly impacting features such as venation and leaf bases. Furthermore, lineage-specific mechanisms in compound leaf development are discussed. Although models for the homologies of enigmatic tissues, such as ligules and stipules, are proposed, tests of these hypotheses are rare. Likewise, comparisons of stomatal development are limited to Arabidopsis and a few grasses. Future studies may investigate correlations in the ontogenies of parallel venation and linear stomatal files in monocots, and the reticulate patterning of veins and dispersed stoma in eudicots. Although many fundamental mechanisms of leaf development are shared in eudicots and monocots, variations in the timing, degree and duration of these ontogenetic events may contribute to key differences in morphology. We anticipate that the incorporation of an ever-expanding number of sequenced genomes will enrich our understanding of the developmental mechanisms generating eudicot and monocot leaves.

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Section: Monocot and Eudicot Leaf Initiation: Differences In Degree Amentioning

confidence: 97%

On the mechanisms of development in monocot and eudicot leaves

Conklin

Strable

et al. 2018

New Phytologist

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“…qRT‐PCR transcription profiling showed that all NtPINs , except for NtPIN1, were transcribed in exponentially grown BY‐2 cells. The absence of NtPIN1 expression in cultured cells supports the notion of sub‐functionalization of PIN1 and PIN11/SoPIN1 in monocots (O'Connor et al ., ) in terms of the preferential usage of NtPIN11 in proliferating tobacco cells. Similar sub‐functionalization has been previously reported in Solanaceae for the Solanum lycopersicum homologue of SoPIN1 that specifically acts in the epidermis of leaves and generates auxin transport convergence points (Martinez et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription of specific auxin efflux and influx carriers drives auxin homeostasis in tobacco cells

et al. 2019

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Summary Auxin concentration gradients are informative for the transduction of many developmental cues, triggering downstream gene expression and other responses. The generation of auxin gradients depends significantly on cell‐to‐cell auxin transport, which is supported by the activities of auxin efflux and influx carriers. However, at the level of individual plant cell, the co‐ordination of auxin efflux and influx largely remains uncharacterized. We addressed this issue by analyzing the contribution of canonical PIN‐FORMED (PIN) proteins to the carrier‐mediated auxin efflux in Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. Bright Yellow (BY‐2) tobacco cells. We show here that a majority of canonical NtPINs are transcribed in cultured cells and in planta. Cloning of NtPIN genes and their inducible overexpression in tobacco cells uncovered high auxin efflux activity of NtPIN11, accompanied by auxin starvation symptoms. Auxin transport parameters after NtPIN11 overexpression were further assessed using radiolabelled auxin accumulation and mathematical modelling. Unexpectedly, these experiments showed notable stimulation of auxin influx, which was accompanied by enhanced transcript levels of genes for a specific auxin influx carrier and by decreased transcript levels of other genes for auxin efflux carriers. A similar transcriptional response was observed upon removal of auxin from the culture medium, which resulted in decreased auxin efflux. Overall, our results revealed an auxin transport‐based homeostatic mechanism for the maintenance of endogenous auxin levels. Open Research Badges This article has earned an Open Data Badge for making publicly available the digitally‐shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at http://osf.io/ka97b/

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“…Despite the apparent conservation of auxin‐mediated growth, including auxin accumulation at the distal tip and margins of A. thaliana leaves and petals (Bilsborough et al ., ; Kuchen et al ., ; Sauret‐Gueto et al ., ), differential auxin pathway gene expression in 4–5 mm petunia petals suggests that auxin levels might actually be higher within the proximal UCT at this stage. Specifically, the auxin efflux carriers PINFORMED1 ( PaxPIN1) (orthologous to A. thaliana PIN1 and Brachypodium distachyon PIN1b ) (O'Connor et al ., ) and PaxPIN6 (Ditengou et al ., ) are more highly expressed in UCTs than lobes, as are several auxin response genes, including orthologs of the cell expansion genes PaxARF8 and PaxARF16 (Varaud et al ., ) and the cell cycle gene PaxCYCD4‐2 . Furthermore, whereas the class II TCP gene TCP5 is expressed at high levels in the proximal region of petals to repress claw width in late A. thaliana flower development (Huang and Irish, ), the only differentially expressed class II TCP gene in our petunia dataset was preferentially expressed in lobes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of region‐specific gene expression for development of the partially fused petunia corolla

et al. 2019

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Summary Angiosperm petal fusion (sympetaly) has evolved multiple times independently and is associated with increased specificity between plants and their pollinators. To uncover developmental genetic changes that might have led to the evolution of sympetaly in the asterid core eudicot genus Petunia (Solanaceae), we carried out global and fine‐scale gene expression analyses in different regions of the corolla. We found that, despite several similarities with the choripetalous model species Arabidopsis thaliana in the proximal–distal transcriptome, the Petunia axillaris fused and proximal corolla tube expresses several genes that in A. thaliana are associated with the distal petal region. This difference aligns with variation in petal shape and fusion across ontogeny of the two species. Moreover, differential gene expression between the unfused lobes and fused tube of P. axillaris petals revealed three strong candidate genes for sympetaly based on functional annotation in organ boundary specification. Partial silencing of one of these, the HANABA TARANU (HAN)‐like gene PhGATA19, resulted in reduced fusion of Petunia hybrida petals, with silencing of both PhGATA19 and its close paralog causing premature plant senescence. Finally, detailed expression analyses for the previously characterized organ boundary gene candidate NO APICAL MERISTEM (NAM) supports the hypothesis that it establishes boundaries between most P. axillaris floral organs, with the exception of boundaries between petals.

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Cross-species functional diversity within the PIN auxin efflux protein family

Cited by 4 publications

References 67 publications

On the mechanisms of development in monocot and eudicot leaves

On the mechanisms of development in monocot and eudicot leaves

Transcription of specific auxin efflux and influx carriers drives auxin homeostasis in tobacco cells

Implications of region‐specific gene expression for development of the partially fused petunia corolla

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