Cross-shore variations in morphodynamic processes of an open-coast mudflat in the Changjiang Delta, China: With an emphasis on storm impacts

Fan, Daidu; Guo, Yanxia; Wang, Ping; Shi, John Z.

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2005.12.011

Cited by 120 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Aboveground vegetation also effectively attenuates waves, reduces surge height and decreases the area that is inundated (Augustin et al, 2009;Wamsley et al, 2010;Pinsky et al, 2013; Möller et al, 2014;Narayan et al, 2016). It has been observed that both deposition and erosion occur due to vegetation during hurricane events (Yang et al, 2003;Fan et al, 2006;Howes et al, 2010). A numerical experiment (EX3) was set up to study the mechanism how vegetation influences the flow and sediment transport patterns during hurricanes by uniformly distributing of plants on the high-elevated islands of the WLD and surrounding wetlands (water depth < 0.2 m) (vegetation-included scenario: EX3).…”

Section: Aboveground Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The morphological responses of deltas to hurricanes vary depending on delta's geometric properties, receiving basin properties and hurricane properties (Fan et al, 2006;Turner et al, 2006;Barras, 2009;Tweel and Turner, 2012;Brownell, 2013). The WLD, which is predominantly Fig.…”

Section: Morphological Responses Of Deltas To Hurricane Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The significant wave height caused by Hurricane Rita is ~3 times higher than that under normal conditions. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/ elementa.125.f6 Wave-induced bottom shear stress plays a significant role in sediment resuspension and transport during hurricanes (Stone et al, 1995;Wang et al, 2006). The impact of waves on morphological changes of the WLD during Hurricane Rita was evaluated by deactivating the wave module through numerical experiment (wave-excluded scenario: EX1).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Morphological responses of the Wax Lake Delta, Louisiana, to Hurricanes Rita

Xing

Syvitski

Kettner

et al. 2017

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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This study examines the morphodynamic response of a deltaic system to extreme weather events. The Wax Lake Delta (WLD) in Louisiana, USA, is used to illustrate the impact of extreme events (hurricanes) on a river-dominated deltaic system. Simulations using the open source Delft3D model reveal that Hurricane Rita, which made landfall 120 km to the west of WLD as a Category 3 storm in 2005, caused erosion on the right side and deposition on the left side of the hurricane eye track on the continental shelf line (water depth 10 m to 50 m). Erosion over a wide area occurred both on the continental shelf line and in coastal areas when the hurricane moved onshore, while deposition occurred along the Gulf coastline (water depth < 5 m) when storm surge water moved back offshore. The numerical model estimated that Hurricane Rita's storm surge reached 2.5 m, with maximum currents of 2.0 m s -1 , and wave heights of 1.4 m on the WLD. The northwestern-directed flow and waves induced shear stresses, caused erosion on the eastern banks of the deltaic islands and deposition in channels located west of these islands. In total, Hurricane Rita eroded more than 500,000 m 3 of sediments on the WLD area. Including waves in the analysis resulted in doubling the amount of erosion in the study area, comparing to the wave-excluding scenario. The exclusion of fluvial input caused minor changes in deltaic morphology during the event. Vegetation cover was represented as rigid rods in the model which add extra source terms for drag and turbulence to influence the momentum and turbulence equations. Vegetation slowed down the floodwater propagation and decreased flow velocity on the islands, leading to a 47% reduction in the total amount of erosion. Morphodynamic impact of the hurricane track relative to the delta was explored. Simulations indicate that the original track of Hurricane Rita (landfall 120 km west of the WLD) produced twice as much erosion and deposition at the delta compared to a hurricane of a similar intensity that made landfall directly on the delta. This demonstrates that the wetlands located on the right side of a hurricane track experience more significant morphological changes than areas located directly on the hurricane track.Keywords: sediment balance; hurricanes; vegetation; hurricane track; waves; Wax Lake Delta . Applying numerical experiments, marsh morphology (e.g., horizontal extent of marsh, marsh vertical elevation, frictional characteristics, and degree of segmentation) has shown to significantly influence the surge height during hurricanes (Loder et al., 2009;Wamsley et al., 2009). On the other hand, the impact of hurricanes on morphological changes of wetlands is less well studied, although hurricanes-driven wetland changes could have important ecological consequences (Cahoon, 2006). Most previous studies are based on field observations and analysis of satellite images before and after hurricane passages (Barras, 2006;Kiage et al., 2005;Howes et al., 2010). Barras (2006), by comparing Landsat images befo...

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Section: Aboveground Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphological Responses Of Deltas To Hurricane Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological responses of the Wax Lake Delta, Louisiana, to Hurricanes Rita

Xing

Syvitski

Kettner

et al. 2017

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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“…In contrast with many intertidal flats in low energy environments (Banas et al, 2004;Lee et al, 2004;Fan et al, 2006), the sediment on the Skagit flats is primarily sandy (Webster et al, 2012). The cross-shore bed slope on the flats ranges between approximately 1/2000…”

Section: Geographic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratification on the Skagit Bay tidal flats

Pavel¹

2012

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“…the extrapolation of measured data (Wang 1986;Yu and Lou 2004;Hu 2005;Yang et al 2005;Fan et al 2006;Wang et al 2007) and empirical input/output relationships (Ding and Shi 2000). Although this approach has been widely applied in studies on estuarine morphology, it is restricted by the availability and the quality of data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Process-Based Approach to Sediment Transport

Chu

Wang

Vriend

et al. 2011

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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A process-based model for the Yangtze Estuary is constructed to study the sediment transport in the estuary. The proposed model covers the entire tidal region of the estuary, the Hangzhou Bay and a large part of the adjacent sea. The dominant processes, fluvial and tidal, are included in the model. The calibration of the model against extensive flow, water level, salinity and suspended sediment data shows a good representation of observed phenomena. With the present calibrated and validated model, the residual flow field and the residual sediment transport field are obtained. The residual sediment transport pattern gives insight into the morphological behaviour of the mouth bars.

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Cross-shore variations in morphodynamic processes of an open-coast mudflat in the Changjiang Delta, China: With an emphasis on storm impacts

Cited by 120 publications

References 28 publications

Morphological responses of the Wax Lake Delta, Louisiana, to Hurricanes Rita

Morphological responses of the Wax Lake Delta, Louisiana, to Hurricanes Rita

Stratification on the Skagit Bay tidal flats

A Process-Based Approach to Sediment Transport

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