Cross-sector analysis of socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and urban/rural disparities in food policy enactment in the United States

Taber, Daniel R.; Chriqui, Jamie F.; Quinn, Christopher; Rimkus, Leah; Chaloupka, Frank J.

doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.08.006

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The positive effect of Hispanics is referred to as the "Hispanic paradox" in health, which is as yet not fully explained [55]. Health benefits start young, and it could be related to more access to fresh fruit and vegetables [24], and lower tobacco use [56] in Hispanic communities. The negative impact of non-Hispanic White poverty on health shows that the negative impact of poverty on health is more severe with the increase of rurality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Health disparities are partly a place-based issue embedded in the rural-urban divide [1,2]. This is especially the case for countries with sprawling and remote rural areas, such as Australia [18,23], Canada [12], and the US [2,19,24]. In the US, health disparities in rural communities are related to racial inequity, residential segregation and poverty [14,18], and income inequality [25,26].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can Age-Friendly Planning Promote Equity in Community Health Across the Rural-Urban Divide in the US?

Zhang

Warner

Wethington

2020

IJERPH

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In the US, rural communities face challenges to meet the community health needs of older adults and children. Meanwhile, rural areas lag in age-friendly built environment and services. AARP, a US based organization promoting livability for all ages, has developed a Livability Index based on the World Health Organization’s (WHO) domains of age-friendly communities: health, housing, neighborhood, transportation, environment, engagement, and opportunity. This study links the 2018 AARP Livability Index categories with demographic structure and socio-economic factors from the American Community Survey at the county level in the US to examine if the physical, built and social environment differentiate communities with better community health across the rural–urban divide. Results show that the neighborhood built environment has the largest impact on community health for all county types. Although rural areas lag in community health, those which give more attention to engagement and opportunity rank higher. Rural communities with more African Americans, children, and poor Whites, rank lower on community health. While neighborhood characteristics have the strongest link to community health, a broader approach with attention to age, race, poverty and engagement and opportunity is needed for rural areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Age-Friendly Planning Promote Equity in Community Health Across the Rural-Urban Divide in the US?

Zhang

Warner

Wethington

2020

IJERPH

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“…Taber et al reported that income was positively associated with the availability of healthy food outlets such as supermarkets, farmers markets and fruit/vegetable stands or carts which was associated with increased access to fruits and vegetables. 45 Therefore, limiting access to unhealthy foods in the classroom setting is critical to promote healthy eating, particularly for students with limited opportunities to consume healthy foods outside of school.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in Local Wellness Policies Implementation Across Maryland Schools

Feinberg¹,

Parker

Lane

et al. 2021

Journal of School Health

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BACKGROUND: School-level implementation of district-level local wellness policies (LWPs) is needed to create school environments that promote nutrition and physical activity (PA). Disparities in classroom-specific LWPs implementation were examined. METHODS:An administrator survey (N = 756 schools; 24/24 districts) included 6 classrooms LWP best-practice items (fully/not fully implemented: restricting food celebrations or rewards, incorporating PA breaks or integrating PA in curricula, restricting withholding or using PA as punishment). A sum score (alpha = .71; elementary and middle/high examined separately) was used to examine associations with student body income (free-and-reduced priced meals (FARMS): ≤40%, 41-75%, ≥75%), race/ethnicity, and school location (rural/urban/suburban), accounting for district-level clustering, with moderation examined. RESULTS:Classroom implementation scores were: elementary = 3.1 ± 1.8 (range: 0-6/6 items) and middle/high = 2.3 ± 1.6 (range:0-5/5 items). Among elementary and middle/high schools, 65% and 55% had >40% FARMS, 39% and 46% had ≥50% white student body, and 24% and 23% were urban, respectively. Elementary schools with >40% of FARMS-eligible students and middle/high schools with <25% white students reported implementing fewer items. Location was not associated with classroom practices nor was moderation observed. CONCLUSIONS:Disparities in classroom-specific LWP best practices implementation were observed by income and race/ethnicity. Tailored support may be needed to improve classroom LWP implementation in schools serving low-income students.

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“…According to the US Census Bureau, approximately 47 million adults and 13.4 million children under 18 years reside in the rural USA (Ratcliffe et al, 2016). Evidence indicates many rural areas are affected by high rates of poverty, limited access to healthy and nutritious food, fewer grocery stores with fresh fruits and vegetables and easy access to fast-food restaurants when compared to urban areas (Connell et al, 2017; Popkin et al, 2012; Taber et al, 2016). As a result, rural families are less likely to meet dietary recommendations as they are forced to rely heavily on often expensive and none nutritious meals (Flegal et al, 2016; Story et al, 2002; Vandevijvere and Tseng, 2013; Yousefian Hansen et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural parents’ beliefs about healthy eating

McDonald

Dawkins-Moultin

McWhinney

2018

Health Education Journal

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Objectives: This study explored US rural parents’ perceived facilitators, challenges and motivators to healthy eating. Methods: Qualitative and purposive sampling was used to recruit one hundred ( N = 100) parents of children enrolled in the fourth grade to participate in a series of focus group sessions. Eligibility criteria included being the head of the household and having a child enrolled in the fourth grade. Parents were questioned about factors impacting everyday lifestyle practices such as nutrition knowledge and eating habits. Data were analysed using grounded theory and constant comparative method. Results: Twelve focus groups sessions were conducted with parents who self-identified as African American (63%), Hispanic (25%) and Caucasian 2%. The majority (52%) of participants indicated they only had some high school education. Healthy eating among parents was highly dependent on socioeconomic status, time, availability and access to foods. Facilitators to healthy eating were school lunch programmes, nutrition education and family preferences. Findings demonstrate that parents tried to eat meals at home, but many factors (fear of genetically modified foods, money and time) prevented healthy eating and food preparation. Parents who consumed or prepared meals at home did so because of family influence and the fear of being unhealthy. Conclusion and implications: This study provides an in-depth understanding of rural parents’ efforts to promote healthy eating at home regardless of socioeconomic challenges.

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Cross-sector analysis of socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and urban/rural disparities in food policy enactment in the United States

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Can Age-Friendly Planning Promote Equity in Community Health Across the Rural-Urban Divide in the US?

Can Age-Friendly Planning Promote Equity in Community Health Across the Rural-Urban Divide in the US?

Disparities in Local Wellness Policies Implementation Across Maryland Schools

Rural parents’ beliefs about healthy eating

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