Cross-sectional survey following a longitudinal study on mental health and insomnia of people with sporadic COVID-19

Abstract

BACKGROUND In the post-pandemic era, the emergence of sporadic cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the scale of the pandemic are unpredictable. Therefore, the impact of sporadic cases of COVID-19 and isolation measures on mental health and sleep in different groups of people need to be analyzed. AIM To clarify the severity of psychological problems and insomnia of staff and community residents around a hospital with sporadic cases of COVID-19, and their relationship with quarantine location and long-term changes. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on community residents and medical staff. Many of these medical staff had been subjected to different places of quarantine. Community residents did not experience quarantine. Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), acute stress disorder scale (ASDS) and insomnia severity index (ISI) were used to evaluate anxiety and depression, acute stress disorder symptoms, and the severity of insomnia. Additionally, we conducted a 1-year follow-up study on medical staff, with related scales measurement immediately after and one year after the 2-wk quarantine period. RESULTS We included 406 medical staff and 226 community residents. The total scores of ISI and subscale in HADS of community residents were significantly higher than that of medical staff. Further analysis of medical staff who experienced quarantine showed that 134 were quarantined in hotels, 70 in hospitals and 48 at home. Among all subjects, the proportions of HADS, ASDS and ISI scores above normal cutoff value were 51.94%, 19.17% and 31.11%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis found that subjects with higher total ASDS scores had a greater risk to develop anxiety and depression. The total ISI score for medical staff in hotel quarantine was significantly higher than those in home quarantine. Total 199 doctors and nurses who completed the 1-year follow-up study. Compared with baseline, HADS and ASDS scores decreased significantly one year after the end of quarantine, while ISI scores did not change significantly. CONCLUSION Sporadic COVID-19 cases had a greater psychological impact on residents in surrounding communities, mainly manifested as insomnia and depressive symptoms. Hotel quarantine aggravated the severity of insomnia in medical staff, whose symptoms lasted ≥ 1 year.

Emergency Protective Measures and Strategies of COVID-19: From Lifestyle to Traditional Chinese Medicine

“…The common psychological and mental health problems of patients, college students, and of anti-COVID-19 frontline medical staff and health care workers during COVID-19 medical isolation include somatization symptoms ( Wang et al, 2021 ), insomnia ( Li et al, 2022 ; Yu et al, 2021 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ), loneliness, depression and anxiety ( Morin et al, 2021 ), stress ( Zheng et al, 2021 ), self-mutilating or suicidal thoughts, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms ( Gong et al, 2021 ). The insomnia is very common among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

“…In fact, TCM has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in China. Also, China sets an example of using TCM in preventing and treating COVID-19 ( Li et al, 2022 ).…”

Does Viral Anxiety Influence the Insomnia Severity Among Patients With Insomnia Disorder During COVID-19 Pandemic?

“…During the COVID-19 pandemic, a relation between insomnia and viral anxiety has been explored by a number of conducted studies [7][8][9]. Anxiety and depression, as known, are related to insomnia symptoms, and according to that fact, experiments and studies had been done during the pandemic and ended up finding that viral anxiety is an important predictor of insomnia.…”

Trajectories and determinants of acute stress disorder during the COVID‐19 centralized quarantine: A latent class growth analysis

“…During the COVID‐19 pandemic in China, quarantined individuals were more likely to experience ASD symptoms than non‐quarantined ones (prevalence, 28.6% vs. 22.7%, respectively; Shi et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2021). Medical staff following quarantine reported more ASD symptoms compared to the community sample without quarantine (Li et al., 2022).…”