Cross-sectional study to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance genes in honey bees Apis mellifera) in Umbria, Central Italy

Cenci‐Goga, Beniamino T.; Sechi, Paola; Karama, Musafiri; Ciavarella, Rosa; Pipistrelli, Maria Vittoria; Goretti, Enzo; Elia, Antonia Concetta; Gardi, Tiziano; Pallottini, Matteo; Rossi, Riccardo; Selvaggi, Roberta; Grispoldi, Luca

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-07629-3

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This can be again a consequence of the uptake of sulphonamides resistance genes, that was confirmed with both gene sul1 and sul2 in this research. This is coherent with results recently obtained by Cenci-Goga et al (44) that found sulphonamide resistance genes ( sul1 and sul2 ) in a large number of honeybees sampled in different Italian locations. Tylosin induced a remarkable change in some microbial taxa proportion, almost causing the depletion of the rectum population (lactobacilli and bifidobacteria) and favoring the hindgut population (mostly Gilliamella , but also Snodgrassella and Frischella ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Honeybees exposure to veterinary drugs: how the gut microbiota is affected

Baffoni

Alberoni

Gaggìa

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Several studies have outlined that a balanced gut microbiota offers metabolic and protective functions supporting honeybee health and performances. The present work contributes to increasing knowledge on the impact on the honeybee gut microbiota of the administration of three different veterinary drugs (oxytetracicline, sulphonamides and tylosin). The trial was designed with a semi-field approach in micro-hives containing about 500 bees, i.e. in experimental conditions as close as possible to real hives considering the restrictions on the use of antibiotics; 6 replicates were considered for each treatment plus the control. The absolute abundance of the major gut microbial taxa in newly eclosed individuals was studied with qPCR and next generation sequencing. Antimicrobial resistance genes for the target antibiotics were also monitored using a qPCR approach. The results showed that none of the veterinary drugs altered the total amount of gut bacteria, but qualitative variations were observed. Tylosin treatment determined a significant decrease of α- and β-diversity indexes and a strong depletion of the rectum population (lactobacilli and bifidobacteria) while favoring the hindgut population (Gilliamella, Snodgrassella and Frischella spp.). Major changes were also observed in honeybees treated with sulphonamides, with a decrease in Bartonella and Frischella core taxa an increase of Bombilactobacillus spp. and Snodgrassella spp. Conversely, minor effects were observed in oxytetracycline treated honeybees. Monitoring of antibiotic resistance genes confirmed that honeybees represent a great reservoir of tetracycline resistance genes. Tetracycline and sulphonamides resistant genes tended to increase in the gut microbiota population upon antibiotic administration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Honeybees exposure to veterinary drugs: how the gut microbiota is affected

Baffoni

Alberoni

Gaggìa

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Many insect species are known as vectors for bacteria that bring genes encoding for antimicrobial resistance [24,25]. Our results are consistent with a study by Milanovic et al [26], which investigated the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes in edible insects by using both classic-and nested-polymerase chain reaction and reported the presence of tetracycline resistance genes in cricket samples.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Hygienic Characteristics and Detection of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Crickets (Acheta domesticus) Breed for Flour Production

Grispoldi

Karama

El‐Ashram

et al. 2021

Microbiology Research

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During the last ten years, the worldwide interest in using insects as food and feed has surged. Edible insects fall within the category of novel foods, i.e., the category of food not consumed in significant amounts in the European Union before 15 May 1997 (the date of entry into force of Regulation (EC) No. 258/1997, later repealed by Regulation (EU) No. 2283/2015). One of the most promising insect species to be raised for food is the house cricket (Acheta domesticus). In this study, the rearing of a stock of house crickets was studied over a period of four months. The microbiological quality of the farm was studied using swabs on the surface of the rearing boxes to analyze the trend over time of different populations of microorganisms (total aerobic mesophilic microbiota, Lactobacillus spp., enterococci, Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, total coliforms, Pseudomonas spp. and molds). The presence of four antimicrobial resistance genes (aph, blaZ, sul1, and tetM) was investigated by polymerase chain reaction. A production scheme was also developed in order to obtain a cricket-based flour, which was analyzed for its microbiological and chemical-centesimal profile. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that the contamination increases with time and that a proper management of the farming system for insects is of the utmost importance, as it is for conventional farm animals such as ungulates, poultry, and rabbits. The old-fashioned adage “all full, all empty” for the farming system summarizes the need for proper cleaning and disinfection of the structures at the end of each production cycle.

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“…This can again be a consequence of the increase of the sulfonamides-resistant population upon selection after sulfonamides exposure. Accordingly, Cenci-Goga et al ( 44 ) found a high abundance of sulfonamides resistance genes ( sul1 and sul2 ) in honeybees sampled in different Italian locations because of the high SUL spread in the environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%