Cross sectional study of serum selenium concentration and esophageal squamous dysplasia in western Kenya

Pritchett, Natalie; Burgert, Stephen L.; Murphy, Gwen; Brockman, John; White, Russell E.; Lando, Justus; Chepkwony, Robert; Topazian, Mark D.; Abnet, Christian C.; Dawsey, Sanford M.; Mwachiro, Michael

doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3837-9

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Of the 37 studies on risk factors for EC, 18 (48.6%) were conducted in South Africa[10,70-86], 5 (13.5%) in Kenya[11,13,87-89], 3 (8.1%) in Uganda[4,5,90], 2 each in Ghana (5.4%)[7,91], Zambia (5.4%)[3,92] and Zimbabwe (5.4%)[93,94], and 1 each in Malawi (2.7%)[95], Ethiopia (2.7%)[12], Tanzania (2.7%)[6], Egypt (2.7%)[96] and Nigeria (2.7%)[97].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings suggest that Se deficiency may play a role in the development of EC[74]. In a cross-sectional study in Western Kenya, Pritchet et al[89] found a high serum Se associated with prevalence of esophageal squamous dysplasia. (Q4 vs Q1: OR 3.03, 95%CI: 1.05-8.74), after adjusting for potential confounders (Q4 vs Q1: OR: 3.87, 95%CI: 1.06-14.19).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review of esophageal cancer in Africa: Epidemiology, risk factors, management and outcomes

Asombang¹,

Chishinga²,

Nkhoma³

et al. 2019

WJG

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BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer (EC) is associated with a poor prognosis, particularly so in Africa where an alarmingly high mortality to incidence ratio prevails for this disease. AIM To provide further understanding of EC in the context of the unique cultural and genetic diversity, and socio-economic challenges faced on the African continent. METHODS We performed a systematic review of studies from Africa to obtain data on epidemiology, risk factors, management and outcomes of EC. A non-systematic review was used to obtain incidence data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, and the Cancer in Sub-Saharan reports. We searched EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central from inception to March 2019 and reviewed the list of articles retrieved. Random effects meta-analyses were used to assess heterogeneity between studies and to obtain odds ratio (OR) of the associations between EC and risk factors; and incidence rate ratios for EC between sexes with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS The incidence of EC is higher in males than females, except in North Africa where it is similar for both sexes. The highest age-standardized rate is from Malawi (30.3 and 19.4 cases/year/100000 population for males and females, respectively) followed by Kenya (28.7 cases/year/100000 population for both sexes). The incidence of EC rises sharply after the age of 40 years and reaches a peak at 75 years old. Meta-analysis shows a strong association with tobacco (OR 3.15, 95%CI: 2.83-3.50). There was significant heterogeneity between studies on alcohol consumption (OR 2.28, 95%CI: 1.94-2.65) and on low socioeconomic status (OR 139, 95%CI: 1.25-1.54) as risk factors, but these could also contribute to increasing the incidence of EC. The best treatment outcomes were with esophagectomy with survival rates of 76.6% at 3 years, and chemo-radiotherapy with an overall combined survival time of 267.50 d. CONCLUSION Africa has high incidence and mortality rates of EC, with preventable and non-modifiable risk factors. Men in this setting are at increased risk due to their higher prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach, and survival is significantly improved in the setting of esophagectomy and chemoradiation therapy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of esophageal cancer in Africa: Epidemiology, risk factors, management and outcomes

Asombang¹,

Chishinga²,

Nkhoma³

et al. 2019

WJG

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“…In southeastern Iran, serum selenium level was significantly lower in cancer patients than in healthy individuals (111). Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between serum selenium level and occurrence of esophageal squamous dysplasia in East Africa, a high-risk area for incidence of ESCC (112).…”

Section: Selenium and Antioxidant Defense Systemsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Association of Selenium and Risk of Esophageal Cancer: A Review

Younesian

Hosseinzadeh

et al. 2020

mljgoums

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Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common types of cancer, especially in Asia. Esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is the most important histological subtype of EC, which accounts for 90% of all EC cases worldwide. ESCC is highly prevalent in Turkey, Iran, Kazakhstan and northern and central parts of China. Selenium is an essential micronutrient that is required for cellular functioning and synthesis of several selenoproteins. It also modulates the antioxidant defense system, cell cycle and apoptosis. This article reviews the most important molecular mechanisms of EC and investigates the association between selenium level and incidence of EC in high-risk areas.

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“…Cadmium and arsenic were found to be synergistically associated with bladder cancer and both exposures are often also associated with smoking status Feki-Tounsi et al, 2013b;Feki-Tounsi et al, 2014). A higher serum selenium concentration and a deficiency of zinc and molybdenum was found to be associated with esophageal squamous dysplasia (Ray et al, 2012;Pritchett et al, 2017). A positive association between cadmium exposure and pediatric cancer may also be present (Sherief et al, 2015).…”

Section: Health Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Health Research in Africa: Important Progress and Promising Opportunities

Joubert

Mantooth²,

McAllister

2020

Front. Genet.

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The World Health Organization in 2016 estimated that over 20% of the global disease burden and deaths were attributed to modifiable environmental factors. However, data clearly characterizing the impact of environmental exposures and health endpoints in African populations is limited. To describe recent progress and identify important research gaps, we reviewed literature on environmental health research in African populations over the last decade, as well as research incorporating both genomic and environmental factors. We queried PubMed for peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, or books examining environmental exposures and health outcomes in human populations in Africa. Searches utilized medical subheading (MeSH) terms for environmental exposure categories listed in the March 2018 US National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, which includes chemicals with worldwide distributions. Our search strategy retrieved 540 relevant publications, with studies evaluating health impacts of ambient air pollution (n=105), indoor air pollution (n = 166), heavy metals (n = 130), pesticides (n = 95), dietary mold (n = 61), indoor mold (n = 9), per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs, n = 0), electronic waste (n = 9), environmental phenols (n = 4), flame retardants (n = 8), and phthalates (n = 3), where publications could belong to more than one exposure category. Only 23 publications characterized both environmental and genomic risk factors. Cardiovascular and respiratory health endpoints impacted by air pollution were comparable to observations in other countries. Air pollution exposures unique to Africa and some other resource limited settings were dust and specific occupational exposures. Literature describing harmful health effects of metals, pesticides, and dietary mold represented a context unique to Africa. Studies of exposures to phthalates, PFASs, phenols, and flame retardants were very limited. These results underscore the need for further focus on current and emerging environmental and chemical health risks as well as better integration of genomic and environmental factors in African research studies. Environmental exposures with distinct routes of exposure, unique co-exposures and co-morbidities, combined with the extensive genomic diversity in Africa may lead to the identification of novel mechanisms underlying complex disease and promising potential for translation to global public health.

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Cross sectional study of serum selenium concentration and esophageal squamous dysplasia in western Kenya

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Systematic review of esophageal cancer in Africa: Epidemiology, risk factors, management and outcomes

Systematic review of esophageal cancer in Africa: Epidemiology, risk factors, management and outcomes

Association of Selenium and Risk of Esophageal Cancer: A Review

Environmental Health Research in Africa: Important Progress and Promising Opportunities

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