Cross-sectional nanoindentation: a new technique for thin film interfacial adhesion characterization

Sánchez, J.M.; El-Mansy, Safaa; Sun, B.; Scherban, T.; Fang, Nicholas X.; Pantuso, D.; Ford, W. K.; Elizalde, M.R.; Martı́nez-Esnaola, J.M.; Martı́n-Meizoso, A.; Sevillano, J. Gil; Fuentes, M.; Maiz, J.

doi:10.1016/s1359-6454(99)00254-2

Cited by 125 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In order to eliminate the influence resulting from plastic deformation, in particular, for a ductile coating on a much stiffer substrate, a cross-sectional indentation test was suggested [77][78][79][80]. An indentation is made in a polished cross-section in the substrate close to the film interface which then causes delamination (see Fig.20).…”

Section: W Irrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method was further developed by Sanchez et al [80]. Based on a plate model, the energy release rate for the interface is given by [80] This method is particularly useful for a coating on a brittle substrate.…”

Section: W Irrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on a plate model, the energy release rate for the interface is given by [80] This method is particularly useful for a coating on a brittle substrate. The crack initiates in the brittle substrate and can propagate along the weaker interface as indicated in Fig.1e.…”

Section: W Irrmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Approaches to investigate delamination and interfacial toughness in coated systems: an overview

Chen¹,

Bull²

2010

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

118

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The fundamental property which often dictates the performance of a coating is its adhesion to the substrate and thus there are many techniques to measure adhesion. The choice of methods is dependent on many factors such as the mechanical properties of the coating and substrate, the interface properties, the microstructure of the coating/substrate system, residual stress, coating thickness and the intended application. Most tests aim to introduce a stable interfacial crack and make it propagate under controlled conditions and model this process to determine adhesion. The corresponding models are either stress analysis-based or energy-based. With the advent of miniature systems and very thin functional coatings, there is a need for characterization of adhesion at small length scales and some specific tests have been developed which are not appropriate for thicker coatings. Among these, indentation and scratch methods have the widest range of applicability but it is necessary to analyse the failure mechanisms before choosing an appropriate model to extract adhesion parameters. This paper reviews the main quantitative adhesion tests for coatings and highlights the tests which can be used to assess submicrometre coatings and thin films. The paper also highlights the modelling and analysis methods necessary to extract reliable adhesion properties illustrating this with examples for submicrometre coatings on silicon and architectural glass.

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Section: W Irrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: W Irrmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Approaches to investigate delamination and interfacial toughness in coated systems: an overview

Chen¹,

Bull²

2010

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The conical indenter results presented in the figure show the same trend. Sánchez et al 7 have used Eq. (13) and a modified version of it on their cross-sectional indentation data, and they have also confirmed the linear relation between the delamination area and the maximum deflection of the coating.…”

Section: Comparison With a Simple Estimatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this model, the elastic energy of the indented coating is approximated by the elastic energy of a centrally loaded disc. The idea has also been used in crosssectional indentation by Sánchez et al 7 as a new technique to characterize interfacial adhesion. The proportionality between the delamination area and the film lateral deflection predicted by the model was confirmed by the experimental results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delamination of a strong film from a ductile substrate during indentation unloading

Abdul-Baqi

Giessen

2001

J. Mater. Res.

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In this work, a finite element method was performed to simulate the spherical indentation of a ductile substrate coated by a strong thin film. Our objective was to study indentation-induced delamination of the film from the substrate. The film was assumed to be linear elastic, the substrate was elastic–perfectly plastic, and the indenter was rigid. The interface was modeled by means of a cohesive surface. The constitutive law of the cohesive surface included a coupled description of normal and tagential failure. Cracking of the coating itself was not included. During loading, it was found that delamination occurs in a tangential mode rather than a normal one and was initiated at two to three times the contact radius. Normal delamination occurred during the unloading stage, where a circular part of the coating, directly under the contact area was lifted off from the substrate. Normal delamination was imprinted on the load versus displacement curve as a hump. There was critical value of the interfacial strength above which delamination was prevented for a given material system and a given indentation depth. The energy consumption by the delamination process was calculated and separated from the part dissipated by the substrate. The effect of residual stress in the film and waviness of the interface on delamination was discussed.

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Nanohardness of a Ti Thin Film and Its Interface Deposited by an Electron Beam on a 304 SS Substrate

Vieira

Nono

Cruz

2002

phys. stat. sol. (b)

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The results of nanohardness measurements at a film surface and film-substrate interface are presented and discussed. An electron beam device was used to deposit a Ti film on a 304 stainless steel (304 SS) substrate. The diluted interface was obtained by thermal activated atomic diffusion. The Ti film and Ti film-304 SS interface were analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometry and were observed using atomic force microscopy. The nanohardness of the Ti film-304 SS system was measured by a nanoindentation technique. The results showed the Ti film-304 SS interface had a higher hardness value than the Ti film and 304 SS substrate. The Ti film surface had a lower hardness due to the presence of a TiO 2 thin layer.Introduction The surface modifications of materials were shown to be of great technological importance in the last century. In spite of the great developments in this area, the characterization techniques for the mechanical properties of surfaces and interfaces are still not very efficient.Steel materials with modified surfaces are widely used in a large variety of important technological applications, including cutting tools, machine components and molding dies, where their surfaces can be submitted to physical and/or chemical erosion. Therefore, adequate and well-bonded coatings on steel surfaces are desirable in such applications, to improve the mechanical performance and to increase the useful life against abrasion and corrosion [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].The determination of the mechanical properties of thin hard films has gained more importance recently in both research and industry [8,9]. Nanoindentation is a key technique for the determination of the mechanical properties of thin films, such as hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E), and for studying the strain behavior. For this reason, the nanoindentation technique is applied to determine the elastic and plastic properties of thin films. The nanohardness measurement is a precise indentation method to register continuously the course of the applied force versus the penetration depth. Another measurement type is cross-sectional nanoindentation, which has important advantages in relation to delamination tests. It is a quick method to produce controlled delamination of thin films for a wide range of materials and it provides direct observation of the interfacial crack path in cross-section [10]. It has been shown that by combining scanning force microscopy with nanoindentation it is possible to carry out highly localized

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Cross-sectional nanoindentation: a new technique for thin film interfacial adhesion characterization

Cited by 125 publications

References 16 publications

Approaches to investigate delamination and interfacial toughness in coated systems: an overview

Approaches to investigate delamination and interfacial toughness in coated systems: an overview

Delamination of a strong film from a ductile substrate during indentation unloading

Nanohardness of a Ti Thin Film and Its Interface Deposited by an Electron Beam on a 304 SS Substrate

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