Cross-sectional imaging techniques in veterinary ophthalmology

Penninck, Dominique G.; Daniel, Gregory B.; Brawer, Robert S.; Tidwell, Amy S.

doi:10.1053/svms.2001.22802

Cited by 69 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Se presenta como una línea isoeléctrica con cuatro picos principales: P1, P2, P3 y P4, correspondientes a la córnea, la cápsula anterior del lente, la cápsula posterior del lente y el complejo retinacoroides-esclera, respectivamente. La ecografía en modo A es útil para realizar medidas precisas de longitud y profundidad, como el tamaño del globo ocular y la profundidad de la cámara anterior, por ejemplo, y biometría en general (3,4,15); esta última es una ecografía ocular mucho más detallada que la ecografía ocular básica o general. Debe tenerse presente que aunque el modo A es útil en biometría, tiene ciertas limitaciones por efectos de impedancia, dispersión del haz de ultrasonido y movimiento constante de los ojos, lo cual dificulta la interpretación adecuada de cada pico y siempre se presenta en conjunto con el modo B (figura 4) (3,16).…”

Section: Modos Ecográficos Y Frecuencia De Las Sondasunclassified

“…La exploración ecográfica se dificulta en pacientes que requieren sedación, debido a la ventralización del globo ocular o en animales extremadamente agresivos (1,4,17).…”

Section: Procedimientounclassified

“…A) Transcorneal: para esta técnica de exploración se deben instilar una a dos gotas de anestésico tópico ocular en ambos ojos (se indica realizar la ecografía bilateralmente, para comparar y evaluar correctamente las estructuras) y se inicia al procedimiento ecográfico, una vez que se haya obtenido el efecto deseado del medicamento (1,3,4,8,17). La tabla 1 presenta los principales anestési-cos indicados para ecografía ocular transcorneal.…”

Section: Procedimientounclassified

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Review of Ocular Ultrasonography

González¹,

Rodríguez²,

García³

2001

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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ResumenEn las últimas décadas, la ecografía veterinaria ha vivido un gran avance tecnológico y técni-co. Los médicos veterinarios no solo la utilizan para las valoraciones comunes de abdomen, o incluso corazón, sino que han descrito técnicas para exploraciones más especiales, como para el sistema musculoesquelético, el vascular, el ocular, entre otros. La literatura sobre el tema ha reseñado el desarrollo y aplicación de la ecografía ocular modo A, específica para la valoración oftalmológica por parte veterinarios especializados en esta área. Actualmente, un gran número de clínicas veterinarias cuenta con ecógrafos con modo B tiempo real, que permiten una excelente valoración descriptiva de la anatomía ocular para orientar posibles diagnósticos. Este artículo de revisión presenta de forma concisa las principales indicaciones de la ecografía ocular modo B y la técnica de realización, y describe cualitativamente las imágenes normales de la exploración de este órgano de los sentidos.Palabras clave: ecografía ocular, modo B, perros. Basic ocular ultrasound examination in dogs (real-time B-mode) AbstractIn recent decades, veterinary ultrasound has experienced a great technological and technical progress. Veterinary doctors not only use it for common evaluation of abdomen, or even heart, but techniques have been described for more special examinations, such as for the musculoskeletal, vascular, and ocular systems, among others. Literature on the subject has reviewed the development and application of A-mode ocular ultrasound, specific for ophthalmologic evaluation by veterinarians specialized in this area. Currently, a large number of veterinary clinics has real-time B-mode ultrasound scanners, which allow an excellent descriptive evaluation of the ocular anatomy to guide possible diagnoses. This review article concisely presents the main indications and realization technique for B-mode ocular ultrasound, as well as qualitatively describes normal scan images of this sense organ.

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Section: Modos Ecográficos Y Frecuencia De Las Sondasunclassified

“…La exploración ecográfica se dificulta en pacientes que requieren sedación, debido a la ventralización del globo ocular o en animales extremadamente agresivos (1,4,17).…”

Section: Procedimientounclassified

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Review of Ocular Ultrasonography

González¹,

Rodríguez²,

García³

2001

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…Orbital CT has been reported as a highly specific imaging test for differentiating inflammatory and neoplastic conditions in small animals (Boroffka et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2009;Armour et al, 2011;Lederer et al, 2015). Given the wide variety of diseases that can be encountered, advanced imaging modalities play a major role in the diagnostic and staging assessment of the lesion, guiding therapeutic decisions and monitoring or follow-up of treatment (Penninck et al, 2001;Collins et al, 2013). CT, MRI (Boroffka and Voorhout, 1999;Armour et al, 2011;Lederer et al, 2015) and ultrasound (US) have been demonstrated to be accurate in evaluating orbital disease (Mason et al, 2001;Boroffka et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated tru-cut imaging-guided core needle biopsy of canine orbital neoplasia. A prospective feasibility study

Cirla¹,

Rondena²,

Bertolini³

2016

Open Vet J.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of imaging-guided core needle biopsy for canine orbital mass diagnosis. A second excisional biopsy obtained during surgery or necropsy was used as the reference standard. A prospective feasibility study was conducted in 23 canine orbital masses at a single centre. A complete ophthalmic examination was always followed by orbital ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) examination of the head. All masses were sampled with the patient still on the CT table using ultrasound (US) guided automatic tru-cut device. The most suitable sampling approach to the orbit was chosen each time based on the CT image analysis. One of the following different approaches was used: trans-orbital, trans-conjunctival or trans-masseteric. In all cases, the imaging-guided biopsy provided a sufficient amount of tissue for the histopathological diagnosis, which concurred with the biopsies obtained using the excisional technique. CT examination was essential for morphological diagnosis and provided detailed topographic information that allowed us to choose the safest orbital approach for the biopsy. US guided automatic tru-cut biopsy based on CT images, performed with patient still on the CT table, resulted in a minimally invasive, relatively easy, and accurate diagnostic procedure in dogs with orbital masses.

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“…Despite the variable underlying causes, the clinical signs of these various conditions are very similar to one another. Diagnostic imaging can be useful to differentiate a zygomatic gland disease from other orbital diseases (Penninck et al, 2001;Bartoe et al, 2007;Boston, 2010;Lee et al, 2014). Cases of zygomatic mucocele were reported in a cat and in a ferret (Miller and Pickett, 1989;Speakman et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exophthalmos associated to orbital zygomatic mucocele and complex maxillary malformation in a puppy

et al. 2017

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A case of exophthalmos due to zygomatic mucocele in a puppy with ipsilateral segmental maxillary atrophy is reported. A 7-month-old, mixed breed, male dog suffered the sudden-onset of unilateral painful exophthalmos and a gradual swelling of the right temporal region. A compressing, right retrobulbar mass was observed by ultrasound. Computed tomography revealed a large multiloculated cyst-like lesion of the right zygomatic gland projecting into the orbital space, thus displacing the eyeball. The ipsilateral molar part of the maxillary bone was underdeveloped, besides showing crowded, abnormal, multiple, unerupted maxillary molar teeth in the caudal maxillary region. Modified lateral orbitotomy and a selective caudal maxillary bone access were performed. The cyst-like lesion was removed and the zygomatic gland and the wall was collected for histology, which confirmed the mucocele. Clinical and imaging examinations six months after surgery showed neither recurrence of the mucocele nor ocular abnormalities. A possible common pathogenic mechanism involving these two conditions could be hypothesized.

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Cross-sectional imaging techniques in veterinary ophthalmology

Cited by 69 publications

References 21 publications

Review of Ocular Ultrasonography

Review of Ocular Ultrasonography

Automated tru-cut imaging-guided core needle biopsy of canine orbital neoplasia. A prospective feasibility study

Exophthalmos associated to orbital zygomatic mucocele and complex maxillary malformation in a puppy

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