Cross-Sectional Associations Between 24-hour Activity Behaviours and Mental Health Indicators in Children and Adolescents: A Compositional Data Analysis

Fairclough, Stuart J.; Tyler, Richard; Dainty, J.; Dumuid, Dorothea; Richardson, Cassandra; Shepstone, Lee; Atkin, Andrew J.

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-72367/v1

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…sedentary time or physical activity). While researchers are starting to examine compositional time use in relation to mental wellbeing in children cross-sectionally [49,50], longitudinal data are scarce [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to 24-h movement behavior guidelines and psychosocial functioning in young children: a longitudinal analysis

Taylor

Haszard

Healey

et al. 2021

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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Background A recent paradigm shift has highlighted the importance of considering how sleep, physical activity and sedentary behaviour work together to influence health, rather than examining each behaviour individually. We aimed to determine how adherence to 24-h movement behavior guidelines from infancy to the preschool years influences mental health and self-regulation at 5 years of age. Methods Twenty-four hour movement behaviors were measured by 7-day actigraphy (physical activity, sleep) or questionnaires (screen time) in 528 children at 1, 2, 3.5, and 5 years of age and compared to mental health (anxiety, depression), adaptive skills (resilience), self-regulation (attentional problems, hyperactivity, emotional self-control, executive functioning), and inhibitory control (Statue, Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders task) outcomes at 5 years of age. Adjusted standardised mean differences (95% CI) were determined between those who did and did not achieve guidelines at each age. Results Children who met physical activity guidelines at 1 year of age (38.7%) had lower depression (mean difference [MD]: -0.28; 95% CI: -0.51, -0.06) and anxiety (MD: -0.23; 95% CI: -0.47, 0.00) scores than those who did not. At the same age, sleeping for 11–14 h or having consistent wake and sleep times was associated with lower anxiety (MD: -0.34; 95% CI: -0.66, -0.02) and higher resilience (MD: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.68) scores respectively. No significant relationships were observed at any other age or for any measure of self-regulation. Children who consistently met screen time guidelines had lower anxiety (MD: -0.43; 95% CI: -0.68, -0.18) and depression (MD: -0.36; 95% CI: -0.62, -0.09) scores at 5. However, few significant relationships were observed for adherence to all three guidelines; anxiety scores were lower (MD: -0.42; 95% CI: -0.72, -0.12) in the 20.2% who adhered at 1 year of age, and depression scores were lower (MD: -0.25; 95% CI: -0.48, -0.02) in the 36.7% who adhered at 5 years of age compared with children who did not meet all three guidelines. Conclusions Although adherence to some individual movement guidelines at certain ages throughout early childhood was associated with improved mental health and wellbeing at 5 years of age, particularly reduced anxiety and depression scores, there was little consistency in these relationships. Future work should consider a compositional approach to 24-h time use and how it may influence mental wellbeing. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00892983

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to 24-h movement behavior guidelines and psychosocial functioning in young children: a longitudinal analysis

Taylor

Haszard

Healey

et al. 2021

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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“…From this perspective, it may not be surprising that we found replacing up to 25 mins of sedentary time with either LPA or MVPA confers negligible benefits for mental health. Although recent cross-sectional studies have shown movement compositions are positively associated with important physical and cognitive developmental outcomes in the early years (Bezerra et al, 2021;Kuzik et al, 2020;Mota et al, 2020), the benefits for mental health and wellbeing may not manifest until children are of school age (Fairclough et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Recent work using accelerometry has shown that 24-hour movement compositions significantly predict fundamental motor skills (Kuzik et al, 2020;Mota et al, 2020) and cognitive development (Bezerra et al, 2021;Kuzik et al, 2020) in preschool-age children. Although evidence has demonstrated beneficial associations between different intensities of physical activity and indicators of mental health within samples of children and youth between the ages of 6 to 17 years (Carson et al, 2016;Fairclough et al, 2021), the only study to examine these relationships among preschoolage children observed null relationships (Kuzik et al, 2020). Combined with the fact that children at risk for DCD experience higher rates of mental health problems beginning as early as the preschool years (Rodriguez et al, 2019), this dearth of research highlights the need for additional workparticularly among larger and more diverse samplesto better understand whether movement behaviours influence mental health in the early years.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional associations between wake-time movement behaviour compositions and indicators of mental health among preschool children

Brown¹,

Kwan²,

King‐Dowling³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Movement behaviours have been found to be important correlates of health for children and may be particularly important for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) who often experience greater mental health problems. To date, however, little research has investigated the daily movement composition of preschool children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and/or its association with mental health. The purpose of the current study was to: 1) examine whether differences in movement compositions (i.e., sedentary time, light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous activity) exist between typically developing (TD) preschool-age children and those at risk for DCD (rDCD); and 2) investigate associations between movement compositions and mental health indicators. This cross-sectional study used the baseline cohort data from the Coordination and Activity Tracking in CHildren (CATCH) study. A total of 589 preschool-age children (Mage = 4.94 ± 0.59 years; 57.4% boys) were included in this analysis, of which 288 were classified as rDCD. Wake time movement behaviours were measured using accelerometers and parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist to assess their child’s mental health (i.e., internalizing and externalizing problems). Compositional data analysis techniques were used. After adjusting for potential confounders, the results demonstrated similar movement compositions between TD and rDCD children. Among the full sample, findings revealed a significant association between sedentary time and externalizing problems, however, each of the other associations did not reach statistical significance. These results are consistent with emerging evidence demonstrating similar patterns of physical activity and sedentary time among TD children and those classified as rDCD during the preschool years. Although movement behaviours explained little variance in mental health during this period, future research should investigate when movement compositions diverge, and how these changes may impact the mental health of TD children and those classified as rDCD later in childhood.

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“…Following institutional ethical approval (#SPA-REC-2018-007) written informed parent consent and participant assent were obtained from 382 students from ten primary and two secondary schools in the West Lancashire region of northwest England. From these, 359 students (23 were absent on data collection days) took part in the study between April 2019 and March 2020, as part of a wider project described elsewhere (14).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To obtain activity behaviours, participants wore triaxial accelerometers [ActiGraph GT9X, ActiGraph, Pensacola, FL, USA], set at 100Hz, on the non-dominant wrist for 24h•day −1 over 7 days. Data were processed in R [http://cran.r-project.org] using GGIR [v1.9.0](17), which performed auto-calibration procedures, identi ed non-wear, and converted raw triaxial accelerometer signals into 1 omnidirectional measure of acceleration (Euclidean Norm Minus-One; ENMO) (14,18,19). ENMO values were averaged per 5s epoch over the 7 monitored days to represent average acceleration expressed as milligravitational units (mg).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Sectional Associations Between 24-hour Activity Behaviours and Motor Competence in Youth: A Compositional Data Analysis

Tyler

Atkin

Dainty

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background The study aimed to examine the cross-sectional associations between 24-hour activity compositions and motor competence in children and adolescents, while stratifying by sex and school type, and investigate the predicted differences in motor competence when time was reallocated between activity behaviours. Methods Data were collected from 359 participants (aged 11.5±1.4 years; 49.3% boys; 96.9% White British). Seven-day 24-hour activity behaviours (sleep, sedentary time, light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) were assessed using wrist-worn accelerometers. Motor competence outcomes were obtained using the Dragon Challenge (process, product, time, and overall scores). Linear mixed models examined associations between activity behaviour compositions and motor competence outcomes for all participants and stratified by school type (primary or secondary) and sex. Post-hoc analyses modelled the influence of reallocating fixed durations of time between activity behaviours on outcomes. Results In all participants, relative to other activity behaviours, MVPA had the strongest associations with motor competence outcomes. The stratified models displayed that MVPA had the strongest associations with outcomes in both sexes, irrespective of school type. The largest positive, and negative predicted differences occurred when MVPA replaced LPA or sleep, and when LPA or sleep replaced MVPA, respectively. Conclusions Relative to other activity behaviours, MVPA appears to have the greatest influence overall on motor competence outcomes. Reallocating time from LPA or sleep to MVPA reflected the largest positive predicted changes in motor competence outcomes. Therefore, our findings reinforce the key role of MVPA for children’s and adolescents’ motor competence.

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Cross-Sectional Associations Between 24-hour Activity Behaviours and Mental Health Indicators in Children and Adolescents: A Compositional Data Analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 55 publications

Adherence to 24-h movement behavior guidelines and psychosocial functioning in young children: a longitudinal analysis

Adherence to 24-h movement behavior guidelines and psychosocial functioning in young children: a longitudinal analysis

Cross-sectional associations between wake-time movement behaviour compositions and indicators of mental health among preschool children

Cross-Sectional Associations Between 24-hour Activity Behaviours and Motor Competence in Youth: A Compositional Data Analysis

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