Cross-sectional and prospective associations between physical activity, body mass index and waist circumference in children and adolescents

Dalene, Knut Eirik; Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred; Andersen, Lars Bo; Steene‐Johannessen, Jostein; Ekelund, Ulf; Hansen, Bjørge Hermann; Kolle, Elin

doi:10.1002/osp4.114

Cited by 20 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Another finding was that average daily measured MVPA decreased with children's age (Figure 2b). This result is consistent with previous studies of Norwegian children [26,27], as well as other research carried out worldwide [28][29][30]. This pattern can probably be explained with increases in mass of older children leading to increases in body inertia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Weather Impact on Physical Activity of 6–12 Year Old Children: A Clustered Study of the Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

Kharlova

Deng

Mamen

et al. 2020

Sports

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It is commonly known that children do not engage in a sufficient amount of physical activity. Weather conditions and day length may influence physical activity of children. Little is known about the relationship between physical activity and seasons. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between weather conditions and physical activity in 6–12 year old children based on hip-worn Actigraph wGT3X–BT accelerometer data. The study sample consisted of 2015 subjects aged 6–12 years from the Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP) study carried out in Horten municipality and Akershus county, Norway. Six days of sedentary and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity data was gathered in January–June and September–October, 2015, presented as daily averages. The accelerometer-monitored physical activity of children grouped within nine schools was matched with regional weather conditions and assessed with the means of linear mixed models. Increased day length was associated with decreased sedentary behavior. Warmer temperature and dry weather were associated with increased moderate-to-vigorous physical activity after adjusting for age and sex. One-hour increase in daylight resulted in a decrease of sedentary time by, on average, 2 min (95% CI = (−2.577, −0.798)). For every 5 °C increase in temperature (range: −0.95 and 15.51 °C) and dry weather, average moderate-to vigorous physical activity increased by 72 and 67 min (males and females, respectively) (p < 0.001). Days with precipitation had, on average, 10 fewer minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity compared with days without precipitation (95% CI = (−16.704, −3.259)). Higher temperatures and dry weather led to higher physical activity levels, seeing larger increases among boys than girls. A school-based physical activity intervention program should be adjusted regarding local weather conditions in line with the present findings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Weather Impact on Physical Activity of 6–12 Year Old Children: A Clustered Study of the Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

Kharlova

Deng

Mamen

et al. 2020

Sports

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“…[ 17 , 39 ] Because PA in daily life is mostly LPA, it is relatively easy to replace SB with 30 or 60 minutes of LPA; however, it is too ambitious and difficult to replace SB with 60 or even 30 minutes of MVPA . [ 21 ] Another study suggested that the bout length should be at least 10 minutes, as this was the lowest cumulative time of MVPA required to receive health benefits. [ 40 ] However, recent studies have shown that participation in MVPA, regardless of duration, can reduce all-cause mortality, cancer mortality, and the risk of cardiovascular disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Santos et al [ 17 ] and Jones et al [ 19 ] used a 30-minute substitution time to investigate the effect on CRF of replacing SB with PA of different intensities; however, the 30-minute substitution time was clearly too ambitious and difficult to achieve. [ 17 , 21 ] Collings et al [ 18 ] chose an alternative length of 10 minutes, which may accumulate less time for MVPA than the recommended amount of 60 minutes. Further research is needed on how to determine the appropriate substitution time duration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotemporal substitution of sedentary behavior for physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents

Sun

Yin

et al. 2020

Medicine

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Both sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) are associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and independent of each other. Due to the limited time during school for children and adolescents, it is necessary to explore the isotemporal substitution of SB for PA on CRF. A total 536 eligible participants selected from the 7 traditional administrative regions of China were included in this study. The outcome was CRF, determined using a 20-meter shuttle run test, and exposures were SB, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) measured with accelerometers. We analyzed the cross-sectional associations of substituting SB with LPA, MVPA, and combinations of LPA and MVPA with CRF, using an isotemporal substitution model. Reallocating SB into MVPA was associated with higher CRF for male ( P < .01) and female ( P < .01) children and female adolescents ( P < .05). In the mixed redistribution, the ratio of LPA to MVPA for male children and female adolescents started from 16:4 and 14:6, respectively, tended toward improvements in CRF. For female children, regardless of the ratio of LPA to MVPA, it was always associated with higher CRF. Reallocating SB into MVPA isotemporally was positively associated with CRF for male and female children and female adolescents but not for male adolescents. MVPA is the key factor to improve CRF when combinations of LPA and MVPA replace SB. The combined approach can provide basis for the selection of target and monitoring variables in intervention studies, and has more flexible choices for improving CRF that are more consistent with the daily PA habits of children and adolescents.

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“…Previous studies also showed inverse association between replacing sedentary time with VPA and childhood obesity. K. Dalene et al reported that replacing 10 min/day sedentary time with VPA and MPA were cross-sectionally associated with lower BMI and WC both in children and adolescents [ 24 ]. Other cross-sectional studies indicated that replacing 10 min/day of sedentary time with VPA was associated with fat mass index among children aged 6–11 years [ 25 ], and substituting 5 min/day sedentary time with VPA was associated with adiposity markers among preschool children [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Reallocating Time in Different Intensities of Physical Activity with Weight Status Changes among Normal-Weight Chinese Children: A National Prospective Study

Tan

Cai

Lai

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: Time spent in different intensity-specific physical activities is codependent, but the substitution effect of different activities on weight status changes in children remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the prospective association between reallocating time in different intensities of physical activity and weight status changes among Chinese children. Methods: A national sample of 15,100 normal-weight children aged 7–18 years (46.7% boys) were recruited in September 2013 and followed up for nine months. Vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA), moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), walking, and sedentary time were obtained by International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Height and weight were objectively measured, by which body mass index (BMI) and BMI z-score were calculated. Weight status was classified by the Chinese criteria for 7- to 18-year-old children. Isotemporal substitution analyses (including single-factor model, partition model, and isotemporal substitution model) were applied to examine the association of time allocation with weight status changes. Results: Each 30 min/day of increase in VPA was favorably associated with a 13.2% reduced risk of incident overweight/obesity in a single-factor model and a 15.6% reduced risk in a partition model. Negative associations were found between VPA, MPA, walking and the risk of being underweight in the single-factor model, but not in the partition model. In substitution models, replacing 30 min/day sedentary time with an equal amount of VPA was favorably associated with a 16.1% reduction of the risk of being overweight/obese. Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for promoting vigorous-intensity physical activity in children.

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Cross-sectional and prospective associations between physical activity, body mass index and waist circumference in children and adolescents

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

The Weather Impact on Physical Activity of 6–12 Year Old Children: A Clustered Study of the Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

The Weather Impact on Physical Activity of 6–12 Year Old Children: A Clustered Study of the Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

Isotemporal substitution of sedentary behavior for physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents

Association of Reallocating Time in Different Intensities of Physical Activity with Weight Status Changes among Normal-Weight Chinese Children: A National Prospective Study

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