Cross-sectional analysis of trace element status in thyroid disease

Mehl, Sebastian; Sun, Qian; Görlich, Christian L.; Hackler, Julian; Kopp, Johannes; Renko, Kostja; Mittag, Jens; Schwerdtle, Tanja; Schomburg, Lutz

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.126430

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The activity of glutathione peroxidase-3 (GPx3) was assessed by a coupled enzymatic test procedure monitoring nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) consumption at 340 nm, as described earlier [23,24]. Briefly, serum samples were incubated with enzyme buffer containing 3.4 mM reduced glutathione (GSH), 0.27 mg/mL NADPH, 1 mM NaN 3 , and 0.3 U/mL glutathione reductase.…”

Section: Assessment Of Glutathione Peroxidase-3 (Gpx3) Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19

et al. 2020

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SARS-CoV-2 infections underlie the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and are causative for a high death toll particularly among elderly subjects and those with comorbidities. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element of high importance for human health and particularly for a well-balanced immune response. The mortality risk from a severe disease like sepsis or polytrauma is inversely related to Se status. We hypothesized that this relation also applies to COVID-19. Serum samples (n = 166) from COVID-19 patients (n = 33) were collected consecutively and analyzed for total Se by X-ray fluorescence and selenoprotein P (SELENOP) by a validated ELISA. Both biomarkers showed the expected strong correlation (r = 0.7758, p < 0.001), pointing to an insufficient Se availability for optimal selenoprotein expression. In comparison with reference data from a European cross-sectional analysis (EPIC, n = 1915), the patients showed a pronounced deficit in total serum Se (mean ± SD, 50.8 ± 15.7 vs. 84.4 ± 23.4 µg/L) and SELENOP (3.0 ± 1.4 vs. 4.3 ± 1.0 mg/L) concentrations. A Se status below the 2.5th percentile of the reference population, i.e., [Se] < 45.7 µg/L and [SELENOP] < 2.56 mg/L, was present in 43.4% and 39.2% of COVID samples, respectively. The Se status was significantly higher in samples from surviving COVID patients as compared with non-survivors (Se; 53.3 ± 16.2 vs. 40.8 ± 8.1 µg/L, SELENOP; 3.3 ± 1.3 vs. 2.1 ± 0.9 mg/L), recovering with time in survivors while remaining low or even declining in non-survivors. We conclude that Se status analysis in COVID patients provides diagnostic information. However, causality remains unknown due to the observational nature of this study. Nevertheless, the findings strengthen the notion of a relevant role of Se for COVID convalescence and support the discussion on adjuvant Se supplementation in severely diseased and Se-deficient patients.

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Section: Assessment Of Glutathione Peroxidase-3 (Gpx3) Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19

et al. 2020

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Section: Assessment Of Glutathione Peroxidase-3 (Gpx3) Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium Deficiency is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19

Moghaddam

Heller

Sun

et al. 2020

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SARS-CoV-2 infections underlie the current Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and are causative for a high death toll particularly among elderly subjects and those with comorbidities. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element of high importance for human health and particularly for a well-balanced immune response. Mortality risk from severe disease like sepsis or polytrauma is inversely related to Se status. We hypothesized that this relation also applies to COVID-19. Serum samples (n=166) from COVID-19 patients (n=33) were collected consecutively and analysed for total Se by X-ray fluorescence and selenoprotein P (SELENOP) by a validated ELISA. Both biomarkers showed the expected strong correlation (r=0.7758, p<0.001), pointing to an insufficient Se status for optimal selenoprotein expression. In comparison to reference data from a European cross sectional analysis (EPIC, n=1915), the patients showed a pronounced deficit in total serum Se (mean±SD, 50.8±15.7 vs. 84.4±23.4 µg/L) and SELENOP (3.0±1.4 vs. 4.3±1.0 mg/L). A Se status below the 2.5th percentile of the reference population, i.e., [Se] < 45.7 µg/L and [SELENOP] < 2.56 mg/L was present in 43.4% and 39.2% of COVID samples, respectively. The Se status was significantly higher in samples from surviving COVID patients as compared to non-survivors (Se; 53.3±16.2 vs. 40.8±8.1 µg/L, SELENOP; 3.3±1.3 vs. 2.1±0.9 mg/L). We conclude that Se status analysis in COVID patients provides diagnostic information. However, causality remains unknown due to the observational nature of this study. Nevertheless, the findings strengthen the notion on a relevant role of Se for COVID convalescence, and support the discussion on adjuvant Se supplementation in severely diseased and Se-deficient patients.

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“…A change in the status of Se has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer [101,102]. Significantly lower levels of Se in thyroid cancer patients were found compared to the control group in several studies [10,[101][102][103][104].…”

Section: Selenium and Thyroid Cancermentioning

confidence: 97%

“…During biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, high concentrations of H 2 O 2 are generated in order to oxidize iodide (I − ). The iodination of tyrosyl residues on thyroglobulin give rise to the iodine-containing thyroid hormones; T4 and T3 [10]. The DIO selenoprotein family plays an important role in activation or inactivation of thyroid hormones [80].…”

Section: Selenium In Thyroid Glandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Se is present at higher concentrations in the thyroid than in other organs and is an essential element for the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones [9]. Another important role of selenoproteins in the thyroid is the detoxification by GPx of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) massively synthetized in order to oxidize iodide (I − ) and introduce it into thyroglobulin, a precursor of L-3,5,3 ,5 -tetraiodothyronine (thyroxine; T4) and L-3,5,3 -triiodothyronine (T3) [10]. Therefore, Se is considered to be the second most important element in thyroid metabolism after iodine [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selenium Deficiency—From Soil to Thyroid Cancer

et al. 2020

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Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient present in human diet, entering in the composition of selenoproteins as selenocysteine (Se-Cys) amino acid. At the thyroid level, these proteins play an important role as antioxidant and in hormone metabolism. Selenoproteins are essential for the balance of redox homeostasis and antioxidant defense of mammalian organisms, while the corresponding imbalance is now recognized as the cause of many diseases including cancer. The food chain is the main source of Se in human body. Dietary intake is strongly correlated with Se content in soil and varies according to several factors such as geology and atmospheric input. Both Se deficiency and toxicity have been associated with adverse health effects. This review synthesizes recent data on the transfer of Se from soil to humans, Se U-shaped deficiency and toxicity uptake effects and particularly the impact of Se deficiency on thyroid cancer.

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Cross-sectional analysis of trace element status in thyroid disease

Cited by 19 publications

References 48 publications

Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19

Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19

Selenium Deficiency is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19

Selenium Deficiency—From Soil to Thyroid Cancer

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