Cross-resistance and associated resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from nosocomial urinary tract infections between 2004–2006 in a Turkish Hospital

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>In this study, antimicrobial resistance profiles were determined for 748 isolates of Escherichia coli from patients with acute nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTIs) at a Turkish Training Hospital. Thirteen antibiotics were included. Resistance to ampicillin alone (45.1%) and ciprofloxacin alone (20.6%) were the most commonly identified ‘single resistances’. Multiple resistance was found in 49.7% of the strains. The most common multiple antibiotic resistance profiles included ampicillin-sulbactam/amoxycilline-clavulonate (4.0%) and ampicillin-sulbactam/trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole/amoxycilline-clavulonate (2.8%). From 2004 to 2006, ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin resistant strains increased to 76% from 57%, 53% from 43% and 55% from 41%, respectively. The percentage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains was 7.8% and imipenem resistance was seen in 5.2% of ESBL positive strains. We conclude that clinically important E.coli strains have now emerged with broader multidrug resistance. Periodical evaluation of laboratory results and clinical surveillance are crucially important for optimal antibiotic management of UTIs and infection control policies.</jats:p>

Novel Mechanistic Insights into Bacterial Fluoroquinolone Resistance

“…48 A survey of urinary tract infections in a Turkish hospital reported ampicillin resistance, amoxicillin−clavulanic acid resistance, and sulfamethoxazole/TMP resistance levels to be 81.1, 70.3, and 68.1%, respectively in CIP-resistant E. coli. 49 Herein, bacterial ampicillin resistance and sulfamethoxazole/ TMP resistance could be fostered with CIP. Proteomics analysis has revealed intrinsic mechanisms underlying the development of co-resistance toward these two antibiotics in CIP-resistant E. coli.…”

Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Genes Vim-1, Spm-1 and Imp-1 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated From Zahedan Hospitals

“…These organisms have various mechanisms for self-protection against antibiotics. One of the most important mechanisms for resistance against imipenem is the production of metallo-beta-lactamase enzymes (12). Metallo-beta-lactamases of VIM, IMP and SPM families are quite prevalent in P. aeruginosa (13).…”

Investigation of Imipenem, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin and Co-trimoxazole Resistant Phenotypes in Nosocomial Escherichia coli Strains

“…Geç-miş yıl la ra ait has ta ne ve ri le ri miz dik ka te alın dı ğın da, GSBL oran la rı nın da ha dü şük ol du ğu gö rül mek te, son yıl lar da ise bu oran la rın art tı ğı bildi ril mek te dir. Öz yurt ve ark.nın 15 bu kap sam da has ta ne miz de ya tan has ta la rın id rar ör nek le rin den izo le edi len 2004-2006 yıl la rı na ait E. co li suş la rı nı in ce le dik le ri bir ça lış ma da, bu oran %7.8 gi bi da ha dü şük ora nın da bu lun muş tur. Ça lış ma mız da ise 2006 ve 2007 yıl la rın da %18'ler de olan bu oran, 2008 yı lın da an lam lı dü zey de ar ta rak %27'le re çık-mış tır (p< 0.05) (Şekil 2).…”

“…An cak gü nü müz de En te ro bac te ri a ce a e üye le rin de kar ba pe nem di ren ci ge nel lik le dü şük oran lar da bil di ril me si ne rağ men, ön ce ki yıl la ra gö -re da ha sık bil di ri lir ol muş tur. 16 İmi pe nem di ren ci, ül ke miz de ya pı lan ba zı ça lış ma lar da %0-2, 6,14,15 dün ya ge ne lin de ya pı lan ba zı ça lış ma lar da ise %0-8.8 [8][9][10] ara sın da de ği şen oran lar da bil di ril mek te dir. En te ro bac te ri a ce a e üye si suş lar da kar ba pe nem diren ci hüc re du va rın da ge çir gen li ği nin azal ma sın -dan, kro mo zo mal en zim ler den ya da gü nü müz de ar tan sık lık ta kar şı la şıl dı ğı gi bi plaz mid kay nak lı be ta-lak ta maz lar dan kay nak la na bil mek te dir.…”