Cross-Repressive Interactions between SOC1 and the GATAs GNC and GNL/CGA1 in the Control of Greening, Cold Tolerance, and Flowering Time in Arabidopsis

Richter, René; Bastakis, Emmanouil; Schwechheimer, Claus

doi:10.1104/pp.113.219238

Cited by 116 publications

(106 citation statements)

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“…Importantly, several of these phenotypes are opposite to those observed in gnc gnl loss-of-function mutants (Bi et al, 2005;Richter et al, 2010Richter et al, , 2013aRichter et al, , 2013bHudson et al, 2011;Chiang et al, 2012). Respectively, these include increased and decreased chlorophyll biosynthesis, increased and decreased germination efficiency, and delayed and accelerated flowering in the overexpressors and lossof-function mutants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Previous analyses had shown that the overexpression of GNC and GNL results in a number of strong phenotypes that we now used for comparisons with other B-GATA family members (Richter et al, 2010(Richter et al, , 2013a(Richter et al, , 2013bHudson et al, 2011;Chiang et al, 2012). Importantly, several of these phenotypes are opposite to those observed in gnc gnl loss-of-function mutants (Bi et al, 2005;Richter et al, 2010Richter et al, , 2013aRichter et al, , 2013bHudson et al, 2011;Chiang et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Respectively, these include increased and decreased chlorophyll biosynthesis, increased and decreased germination efficiency, and delayed and accelerated flowering in the overexpressors and lossof-function mutants. Because our previous studies had shown that most of the phenotypes of the gnc gnl loss-offunction mutants are, with the exception of the greening phenotype (Bi et al, 2005), only prominent in specific genetic backgrounds such as the GA-deficient ga1 mutant or the auxin-signaling impaired arf2 mutant (Richter et al, 2010(Richter et al, , 2013a(Richter et al, , 2013b, we opted to use the phenotype of B-GATA overexpressors as a primary criterion to assess the functional redundancy between the individual B-GATAs tested. As a result of our phenotypic comparisons of overexpressors of short and long B-GATAs from Arabidopsis, tomato, and Brachypodium with GNC and GNL overexpressors, we could show that the length of the N terminus does not allow distinguishing between these B-GATAs with regard to the phenotypes examined in our study (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2A; Richter et al, 2010). In addition, the GNCox and GNLox overexpressors have other strong phenotypes such as a delay in germination and a hypersensitivity to the GA biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol (PAC) as well as a strong delay in flowering (Richter et al, 2010(Richter et al, , 2013a. To understand to what extent short and long LLM domain-containing B-GATAs are functionally redundant, we compared overexpression lines of the short B-GATAs AtGATA15 (AtGATA15ox) and AtGATA17 (AtGATA17ox) with the long B-GATA overexpressors GNCox and GNLox.…”

Section: Structural Analysis Of Dicot and Monocot B-class Gata Transcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GNC paralog GNL was also designated CGA1 based on its transcriptional regulation by cytokinin (Naito et al, 2007). Further analyses showed that GNC and GNL are functionally redundant transcription factors whose expression is also controlled by the DELLA regulators of the GA signaling pathway, the light-labile PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORS, the AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORS ARF2 and ARF7 of the auxin signaling pathway, and the flowering regulator SUPPRESSOR-OFconstans1 (Richter et al, 2010(Richter et al, , 2013a(Richter et al, , 2013b. Moreover, GNC and GNL were proposed to be directly repressed by the floral development regulators APETALA3 and PISTILLATA, and it was suggested that this repression serves to prevent greening in Arabidopsis petals (Mara and Irish, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Functional Diversification within the Family of B-GATA Transcription Factors through the Leucine-Leucine-Methionine Domain

et al. 2014

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The transcription of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) GATA transcription factors GATA, NITRATE-INDUCIBLE, CARBON METABOLISM-INVOLVED (GNC) and GNC-LIKE (GNL)/CYTOKININ-RESPONSIVE GATA FACTOR1 is controlled by several growth regulatory signals including light and the phytohormones auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin. To date, GNC and GNL have been attributed functions in the control of germination, greening, flowering time, floral development, senescence, and floral organ abscission. GNC and GNL belong to the 11-member family of B-class GATA transcription factors that are characterized to date solely by their high sequence conservation within the GATA DNA-binding domain. The degree of functional conservation among the various B-class GATA family members is not understood. Here, we identify and examine B-class GATAs from Arabidopsis, tomato (Solanum lycopersicon), Brachypodium (Brachypodium distachyon), and barley (Hordeum vulgare). We find that B-class GATAs from these four species can be subdivided based on their short or long N termini and the presence of the 13-amino acid C-terminal leucine-leucinemethionine (LLM) domain with the conserved motif LLM. Through overexpression analyses and by complementation of a gnc gnl double mutant, we provide evidence that the length of the N terminus may not allow distinguishing between the different B-class GATAs at the functional level. In turn, we find that the presence and absence of the LLM domain in the overexpressors has differential effects on hypocotyl elongation, leaf shape, and petiole length, as well as on gene expression. Thus, our analyses identify the LLM domain as an evolutionarily conserved domain that determines B-class GATA factor identity and provides a further subclassification criterion for this transcription factor family.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Analysis Of Dicot and Monocot B-class Gata Transcmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Diversification within the Family of B-GATA Transcription Factors through the Leucine-Leucine-Methionine Domain

et al. 2014

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Genome‐wide binding analysis of AtGNC and AtCGA1 demonstrates their cross‐regulation and common and specific functions

Casaretto

et al. 2017

Plant Direct

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GATA transcription factors are involved in multiple processes in plant growth and development. Two GATA factors, NITRATE-INDUCIBLE, CARBON METABOLISM-INVOLVED (GNC) and CYTOKININ-RESPONSIVE GATA FACTOR 1 (CGA1, also named GNL), are important regulators in greening, flowering, senescence, and hormone signaling. However, their direct target genes related to these biological processes are poorly characterized. Here, GNC and CGA1 are shown to be transcription activators and by using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq), 1475 and 638 genes are identified to be associated with GNC and CGA1 binding, respectively.Enrichment of diverse motifs in the peak binding regions for GNC and CGA1 suggests the possibility that these two transcription factors also interact with other transcription factors and in addition genes coding for DNA-binding proteins are highly enriched among GNC-and CGA1-associated genes. Despite the fact that these two GATA factors are known to share a large portion of co-expressed genes, our analysis revealed a low percentage of overlapping binding-associated genes for these two homologues. This suggests a possible cross-regulation between these, which is verified using ChIP-qPCR. The common and specific biological processes regulated by GNC and CGA1 also support this notion. Functional analysis of the binding-associated genes revealed that those encoding transcription factors, E3 ligase, as well as genes with roles in plant development are highly enriched, indicating that GNC and CGA1 mediate complex genetic networks in regulating different aspects of plant growth and development. variance from what has been described in animals, plant GATA transcription factors preferentially recognize and bind GATC rather than the GATA motif, and the two bases in the middle (AT) are more conserved than the flanking sequence of the binding core across the GATA family (Weirauch et al., 2014).--

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Hormonal Regulation of Cold Stress Response

Ashraf

Rahman

2018

Cold Tolerance in Plants

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Cross-Repressive Interactions between SOC1 and the GATAs GNC and GNL/CGA1 in the Control of Greening, Cold Tolerance, and Flowering Time in Arabidopsis

Cited by 116 publications

References 66 publications

Functional Diversification within the Family of B-GATA Transcription Factors through the Leucine-Leucine-Methionine Domain

Functional Diversification within the Family of B-GATA Transcription Factors through the Leucine-Leucine-Methionine Domain

Genome‐wide binding analysis of AtGNC and AtCGA1 demonstrates their cross‐regulation and common and specific functions

Hormonal Regulation of Cold Stress Response

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