Cross reactivity of the CEDIA and HEIA benzodiazepine kits for 29 designer benzodiazepines and tofisopam

Abstract

Benzodiazepines play an omnipresent role in forensic and clinical toxicology as they are widely used for treatment of sleeping disorders, 1 anxiety disorder, 2 muscle relaxation, seizures, 3 and as drugs of abuse. 4 As of 2021, there are 18 benzodiazepines marketed in Switzerland, and all of them are controlled by the narcotics law. Apart from these 18 substances, further, benzodiazepines, such as etizolam, phenazepam, tetrazepam, bentazepam, and