Cross-reactivity of 75 monoclonal antibodies to human immunoglobulin with sera of non-human primates

Black, C M; McDougal, J S; Holman, R. C.; Evatt, Bruce L.; Reimer, Charles B.

doi:10.1016/0165-2478(93)90032-w

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A limited study was also performed by our lab in efforts to determine the immunoglobulin isotype specific immune responses against the same nominal antigens. We first attempted to screen the available monoclonal antibodies previously characterized as having specificity against human Ig isotypes for their potential cross reactivity against rhesus macaque and sooty mangabey serum Ig isotypes based on data published (126,127). Such a study has led to the identification of monoclonal antibodies that clearly react with the major immunoglobulin isotypes IgM, IgG and its subclasses IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4, IgA and to a lower extent IgD from rhesus macaques and mangabeys.…”

Section: Humoral Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons learnt from studies of the immune characterization of naturally SIV infected Sooty Mangabeys

Ansari

Onlamoon²,

Boštík³

et al. 2003

Front Biosci

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The vast number of African non-human primates species that are naturally infected with the simian immunodeficiency viruses ( SIV) but have not shown any signs of lentivirus associated disease as compared to the Asian non-human primate species that do not demonstrate any detectable signs of lentiviral infection but who upon experimental infection with select SIV isolates from the African species develop clinical signs and laboratory based findings similar to human HIV-1 infection provide a powerful model to define virus-host relationships. It is our belief that unraveling those differences which are specifically associated with disease resistance and/or disease susceptibility culled out from those that are species specific differences unrelated to disease outcome may provide some important insights which maybe fruitful for the formulation of vaccine strategies. The purpose of this chapter is to provide the reader with a summary of the findings from our laboratory from the past decade using the naturally SIV infected sooty mangabey model aimed at ferreting out some of these differences. Some very important paradoxes exist with this naturally infected lentivirus model. Thus, it is difficult to determine why these species demonstrate highly effective immune responses but yet maintain very high viral loads. Why do these naturally SIV infected species not demonstrate the plethora of clinical symptoms ascribed to select proteins of the SIV such as 'tat', 'nef', and other viral proteins as do the rhesus macaques and humans to HIV? Most of the targets of such proteins are highly conserved and yet no detectable pathology? We submit that the naturally infected species has evolved over time with a highly regulated immune system (a perfect host/parasite relationship) that is sufficient to prevent pathology and not in the order to exhaust the immune system. In addition, the quality of the anti-viral immune response is of interest. Thus, the mangabeys demonstrate a clear skew in their cytokine based immune response towards a predominantly TH2 bias which we believe is the reason why this species of mangabeys among the many studied, is perhaps is the only species that is susceptible to M. leprae infection (see Dr. B. Gormus's chapter). Some of our working hypotheses that are aimed to provide explanations for some of these paradoxes are provided herein.

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Section: Humoral Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons learnt from studies of the immune characterization of naturally SIV infected Sooty Mangabeys

Ansari

Onlamoon²,

Boštík³

et al. 2003

Front Biosci

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“…Because of their similarities to humans, non‐human primates are commonly used as models to understand pathogenesis for a variety of human diseases and to develop therapeutic and preventive approaches 45,46 . Although IgD in non‐human primates appears well conserved with human IgD based on serology 42 more detailed studies are required to determine the extent to which this is so, particularly in light of the divergence of IgD seen in other species. A dog immunoglobulin with IgD‐like properties, including B‐cell surface expression and lack of cross‐reactivity with antibodies against the other dog isotypes, has been identified 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of immunoglobulin D in mammals: immunoglobulin heavy constant delta genes in dogs, chimpanzees and four old world monkey species

et al. 2006

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Summary Antibodies are adaptor molecules that neutralize pathogens and link humoral and cellular defence mechanisms. Immunoglobulin D (IgD), one of the five antibody classes present in mammals, is expressed as an antigen receptor on naïve B cells. The functional role that IgD plays in the immune response is still poorly understood, but the recent characterization of immunoglobulin heavy constant delta genes (IGHD) in a variety of species challenges the view that IgD is of minor importance and is not present in many animals. On the basis of serological studies, IgD appears to be expressed in the majority of mammalian species examined. To confirm, at the molecular level, that IgD is present in different species, we cloned and sequenced IGHD cDNA from dogs and five non‐human primate species (chimpanzee, rhesus macaque, cynomolgus macaque, baboon and sooty mangabey). Our results show that in all six species, IgD heavy chains possess three immunoglobulin domains and a long hinge region encoded by two exons. Only the hinge region of non‐human primates is similar to the human hinge region, with conservation of O‐glycosylation sites and multiple charged residues at opposing ends. The preservation of IgD in primates, dogs and previously characterized species suggests an important functional role for IgD, possibly involving binding to a receptor. The high degree of similarity existing between the structural features of human and non‐human primate IgD suggests that non‐human primates are suitable for in vivo studies designed to define the role that IgD plays in the immune response.

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“…In recent years it has become clear that additional information is needed on the developing rhesus monkey immune system due to the increased use of this species in biomedical research (13,14,44,45). Rhesus monkeys and humans show similarities in their immune systems and responses (2,3,6,25,32,40); therefore, rhesus monkeys are appropriate models for humans.…”

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confidence: 99%

Functional and Morphological Development of Lymphoid Tissues and Immune Regulatory and Effector Function in Rhesus Monkeys: Cytokine-Secreting Cells, Immunoglobulin-Secreting Cells, and CD5⁺B-1 Cells Appear Early in Fetal Development

Makori

Tarantal

Lü

et al. 2003

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Little is known regarding the timing of immune ontogeny and effector function in fetal humans and nonhuman primates. We studied the organization of lymphocyte and antigen-presenting cell populations in developing lymphoid tissues of rhesus monkey fetuses during the second and third trimesters (65 to 145 days of gestation; term = 165 days). Immunoglobulin-secreting and cytokine-secreting cells were detected at day 80. The thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, and intestinal mucosa were examined for cells expressing CD3, CD5, CD20, CD68, p55, and HLA-DR. In the spleens of 65-day-old fetuses (early second trimester), the overwhelming majority of total lymphocytes were CD5(+) CD20(+) B-1 cells. The remaining lymphocytes were CD3(+) T cells. By day 80, splenic B and T cells were equal in number. Intraepithelial CD3(+) CD5(-) T cells and lamina propria CD20(+) CD5(+) B cells were present in the intestines of 65-day-old fetuses. By day 80, numerous CD20(+) CD5(+) B cells were present in the jejunums and colons and early lymphocyte aggregate formation was evident. The spleens of 80- to 145-day-old fetuses contained immunoglobulin M (IgM)-secreting cells, while IgA-, IgG-, interleukin-6-, and gamma interferon-secreting cells were numerous in the spleens and colons. Thus, by the second trimester, the lymphoid tissues of the rhesus monkey fetus have a complete repertoire of properly organized antigen-presenting cells, T cells, and B cells.

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Cross-reactivity of 75 monoclonal antibodies to human immunoglobulin with sera of non-human primates

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Lessons learnt from studies of the immune characterization of naturally SIV infected Sooty Mangabeys

Lessons learnt from studies of the immune characterization of naturally SIV infected Sooty Mangabeys

Molecular characterization of immunoglobulin D in mammals: immunoglobulin heavy constant delta genes in dogs, chimpanzees and four old world monkey species

Functional and Morphological Development of Lymphoid Tissues and Immune Regulatory and Effector Function in Rhesus Monkeys: Cytokine-Secreting Cells, Immunoglobulin-Secreting Cells, and CD5⁺B-1 Cells Appear Early in Fetal Development

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Cross-reactivity of 75 monoclonal antibodies to human immunoglobulin with sera of non-human primates

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Lessons learnt from studies of the immune characterization of naturally SIV infected Sooty Mangabeys

Lessons learnt from studies of the immune characterization of naturally SIV infected Sooty Mangabeys

Molecular characterization of immunoglobulin D in mammals: immunoglobulin heavy constant delta genes in dogs, chimpanzees and four old world monkey species

Functional and Morphological Development of Lymphoid Tissues and Immune Regulatory and Effector Function in Rhesus Monkeys: Cytokine-Secreting Cells, Immunoglobulin-Secreting Cells, and CD5+B-1 Cells Appear Early in Fetal Development

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Functional and Morphological Development of Lymphoid Tissues and Immune Regulatory and Effector Function in Rhesus Monkeys: Cytokine-Secreting Cells, Immunoglobulin-Secreting Cells, and CD5⁺B-1 Cells Appear Early in Fetal Development