Cross-reactivity between allergens in the venom of the common striped scorpion and the imported fire ant

Nugent, Jeffrey S.; More, Daniel; Hagan, Larry L.; Demain, Jeffrey G.; Whisman, Bonnie A.; Freeman, Theodore M.

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2004.04.016

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In Texas and the neighboring states of Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana, C. vittatus is common [15,16]. Although this species is not typically associated with local erythema or edema [11], there is a risk of hypersensitivity reactions with repeated exposures [17][18][19], or even on an initial exposure due to cross-reactivity from the venom of the imported fire ant (Solenopsis spp.) [18], which is endemic in [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this species is not typically associated with local erythema or edema [11], there is a risk of hypersensitivity reactions with repeated exposures [17][18][19], or even on an initial exposure due to cross-reactivity from the venom of the imported fire ant (Solenopsis spp.) [18], which is endemic in [15]. Stings from this species may cause local reactions and possibly even necrotic skin lesions [20], although this has not been systematically studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nationwide Scorpion Exposures Reported to US Poison Control Centers from 2005 to 2015

Kang

Brooks

2016

J. Med. Toxicol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nationwide Scorpion Exposures Reported to US Poison Control Centers from 2005 to 2015

Kang

Brooks

2016

J. Med. Toxicol.

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“…Finally, the development of IgE antibodies to venom components has been reported for snake (66)(67)(68), honeybee (69-71), and scorpion (72-74) venoms. It is well known that exposure of highly sensitized subjects to such venoms can result in anaphylaxis (68,73,75). However, the possibility should be considered that the presence of anti-venom IgE may further increase the ability of mast cell degranulation to enhance resistance to such venoms, at least in those subjects whose antibody-dependent reactions to such venoms stop short of anaphylaxis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mast cell chymase reduces the toxicity of Gila monster venom, scorpion venom, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in mice

Akahoshi¹,

Song²,

Piliponsky³

et al. 2011

J. Clin. Invest.

133

131

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Mast cell degranulation is important in the pathogenesis of anaphylaxis and allergic disorders. Many animal venoms contain components that can induce mast cell degranulation, and this has been thought to contribute to the pathology and mortality caused by envenomation. However, we recently reported evidence that mast cells can enhance the resistance of mice to the venoms of certain snakes and that mouse mast cell-derived carboxypeptidase A3 (CPA3) can contribute to this effect. Here, we investigated whether mast cells can enhance resistance to the venom of the Gila monster, a toxic component of that venom (helodermin), and the structurally similar mammalian peptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). Using 2 types of mast cell-deficient mice, as well as mice selectively lacking CPA3 activity or the chymase mouse mast cell protease-4 (MCPT4), we found that mast cells and MCPT4, which can degrade helodermin, can enhance host resistance to the toxicity of Gila monster venom. Mast cells and MCPT4 also can limit the toxicity associated with high concentrations of VIP and can reduce the morbidity and mortality induced by venoms from 2 species of scorpions. Our findings support the notion that mast cells can enhance innate defense by degradation of diverse animal toxins and that release of MCPT4, in addition to CPA3, can contribute to this mast cell function.

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“…Consequently, people with systemic reaction to imported fire ants are at a 20 fold higher risk for allergic reactions to scorpion venom. 7 In addition, scorpion venoms have strong cross-reactivity with bee venom. 8 The World Allergy Organization estimates that 1% to 7% of the general population have allergic reactions to insect stings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute respiratory failure following scorpion stings: Anaphylaxis or severe systemic envenomation?

Castillo¹,

Attaluri²

2018

The Chronicles

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Keywords: scorpion, envenomation, acute respiratory failure, anaphylaxis did not relieve her symptoms. She had labored breathing with retractions and was making grunting noises. She also had a swollen tongue and throat, stridor, and diminished breath sounds; she had no skin rash. Vital signs included blood pressure 160/93 mmHg, heart rate 95 beats per minute, and respiratory rate 22 breaths per minute. Initial laboratory testing showed WBC 10.2 k/µL with 2.1% eosinophils, hemoglobin 13.4 gm/dL, and platelet count 284 k/µL. A complete chemistry panel results included sodium 140 mEq/L, potassium 3.6 mEq/L, chloride 104 mEq/L, BUN 15 mg/dL, and creatinine 1.0 mg/dl. Arterial blood gases included a pH 7.24, PaCO 2 62 mmHg, and a PaO 2 79 mmHg on a FiO 2 100%. Oral intubation failed, and an emergency cricothyrotomy was done. She did not receive corticosteroids or scorpion antivenom.The patient was transferred to University Medical Center in Lubbock, TX, using mechanical ventilation during transport. Her husband reported that she had allergies to aspirin, penicillins, doxycycline, nabumetone, and bee stings. Vital signs included blood pressure 89/63 mmHg, heart rate 90 beats per minute, and respiratory rate 16 breaths per minute. Her oxygen saturation was 96% on a FiO 2 of 45%. Initial

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Cross-reactivity between allergens in the venom of the common striped scorpion and the imported fire ant

Cited by 27 publications

References 6 publications

Nationwide Scorpion Exposures Reported to US Poison Control Centers from 2005 to 2015

Nationwide Scorpion Exposures Reported to US Poison Control Centers from 2005 to 2015

Mast cell chymase reduces the toxicity of Gila monster venom, scorpion venom, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in mice

Acute respiratory failure following scorpion stings: Anaphylaxis or severe systemic envenomation?

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