Cross-Reactivity Assessment of Vaccine-Derived SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses against BA.2.86 and JN.1

Sohail, Muhammad Saqib; Ahmed, Syed Faraz; Quadeer, Ahmed Abdul; McKay, Matthew R.

doi:10.3390/v16030473

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…JN.1. may have corresponded to a vaccine that immunizes omicrons; in any case, this could furthermore be transmitted through different variants of ACE2 [8,41,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation Trajectory of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Virus, Measured by Principal Component Analysis

Konishi,

Takahashi

2024

COVID

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused a global pandemic, resulting in widespread infections and ongoing mutations. Analyzing these mutations is essential for predicting future impacts. Unlike influenza mutations, SARS-CoV-2 mutations displayed distinct selective patterns that were concentrated in the spike protein and small ORFs. In contrast to the gradual accumulation seen in influenza mutations, SARS-CoV-2 mutations lead to the abrupt emergence of new variants and subsequent outbreaks. This phenomenon may be attributed to their targeted cellular substances; unlike the influenza virus, which has mutated to evade acquired immunity, SARS-CoV-2 appeared to mutate to target individuals who have not been previously infected. The Omicron variant, which emerged in late 2021, demonstrates significant mutations that set it apart from previous variants. The rapid mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2 has now reached a level comparable to 30 years of influenza variation. The most recent variant, JN.1, exhibits a discernible trajectory of change distinct from previous Omicron variants.

show abstract

“…JN.1. may have corresponded to a vaccine that immunizes omicrons; in any case, this could furthermore be transmitted through different variants of ACE2 [8,41,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation Trajectory of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Virus, Measured by Principal Component Analysis

Konishi,

Takahashi

2024

COVID

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Performance of the Roche Elecsys® IGRA SARS-CoV-2 test for the detection and quantification of virus-reactive T cells in COVID-19-vaccinated immunosuppressed patients and healthy subjects

Carretero,

Giménez,

Albert

et al. 2024

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Comparing the performance of commercially available SARS-CoV-2 T-cell immunoassay responses may provide useful information for future observational or intervention studies as well as to their potential customers. Method Whole blood was collected from a total of 183 subjects fully vaccinated against COVID-19: 55 healthy controls (Group 1), 50 hematological patients (Group 2), 50 chronic kidney disease patients (Group 3), and 28 elderly nursing home residents (Group 4). Samples were tested with the Roche Elecsys® IGRA (Interferon-gamma release assay) SARS-CoV-2 test (Roche Diagnostics, Rotkreuz, Switzerland), the Euroimmun SARS-CoV-2 test (Euroimmun, Lubeck, Germany), the SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Analysis Kit (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany), and a flow-cytometry for intracellular cytokine (IFN-γ) staining-based immunoassay (FC-ICS). Results Overall, the Roche Elecsys® assay returned the highest number of positive results (151/179; 84.3%), followed by the Euroimmun test (127/183; 69%), and the FC-ICS (135/179; 75%). The Kappa coefficient of agreement was best between IGRAs (0.64). Most discordant results across assays involved patients from Group 2. Overall, IFN-γ concentrations measured by both IGRAs correlated strongly (rho = 0.78; 95% CI 0.71–0.84; P < 0.001) irrespective of the study group. The frequencies of SARS-CoV-2-reactive IFN-γ T cells and IFN-γ concentrations measured by the IGRAs correlated moderately for CD4+ T cells, however, weakly for CD8+ T cells. SARS-CoV-2-experienced participants displayed stronger responses than SARS-CoV-2-naïve when IGRAs, rather than FC-ICS, were used. Conclusion The SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays evaluated in the present study did not return interchangeable qualitative or quantitative results either in seemingly healthy individuals or in immunosuppressed patients.

show abstract

Informing the Need for a SARS-CoV-2 Booster Based on the Immune Responses Among Young Healthy Adults to Variants Circulating in Late 2023

Nguyen,

Lal,

Balinsky

et al. 2024

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background COVID-19 remains a global public health challenge due to new immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants and heterogeneous immunity. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the adaptive immune responses in U.S. active-duty personnel who completed a COVID-19 primary vaccine series and with heterogenous SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection histories to 3 previously dominant variants (Ancestral, Delta, BA.5) and 3 circulating variants (XBB.1.5, EG.5, and BA.2.86) in late 2023. Analyses were performed based upon timing (within or beyond 12 months) and type (vaccine or infection) of the most recent exposure. Results Significant reduction was observed in binding antibodies, neutralization antibodies, memory B cells, and CD8+ T cells against circulating variants compared to previous variants. The reduction in antibody response was more pronounced in those whose most recent exposure was greater than 12 months from enrollment. In contrast, the CD4+ T cell response was largely consistent across all tested variants. The type of most recent exposure was not a significant factor in determining the magnitude of current immune responses. Conclusions Administration of the XBB.1.5-based booster is likely to enhance cross-reactive humoral responses against SARS-CoV-2 circulating lineages. Ongoing surveillance of immune responses to emerging variants is needed for informing vaccine composition and timing.

show abstract

Cross-Reactivity Assessment of Vaccine-Derived SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses against BA.2.86 and JN.1

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Mutation Trajectory of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Virus, Measured by Principal Component Analysis

Mutation Trajectory of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Virus, Measured by Principal Component Analysis

Performance of the Roche Elecsys® IGRA SARS-CoV-2 test for the detection and quantification of virus-reactive T cells in COVID-19-vaccinated immunosuppressed patients and healthy subjects

Informing the Need for a SARS-CoV-2 Booster Based on the Immune Responses Among Young Healthy Adults to Variants Circulating in Late 2023

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About