Cross-race misaggregation: Its detection, a mathematical decomposition, and Simpson’s Paradox.

Abstract

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Individual-Level Analyses of the Impact of Parasite Stress on Personality: Reduced Openness Only for Older Individuals

“…A further concern is that the parasite stress index used in a number of previous studies is confounded with the racial composition of U.S. states. African Americans have higher sexually transmitted disease (STD) rates, and these STD rates contribute strongly to the parasite stress index used by Fincher and Thornhill (2012), Hackman and Hruschka (2013), and Koenig, van Leeuwen, and Park (2017). This is important theoretically because high STD rates may reflect people’s adoption of a fast life history strategy (an adaptive response to living in an impoverished or threatening environment, which involves having children early and investing in quantity rather than quality), and it is, therefore, possible that behaviors associated with fast life history strategy may occur with greater frequency in high-stress areas.…”