Cross‐protection between a Naturally Occurring Mild Isolate of Potato virus M (PVM) and a More Virulent Isolate in Datura metel Plants

Abstract

Cross‐protection is a phenomenon that occurs when infection with a mild virus prevents or suppresses the harmful effects of subsequent infection by a related severe virus. Isolates of Potato virus M (PVM, genus Carlavirus, family Betaflexiviridae), like isolates of other viruses, are likely to occur in plants in multiple infections, but the knowledge about intrahost interactions between PVM isolates and their impact upon the host response to infection is none. Here, we report that pre‐infection with a mild isolate I‐38 successfully protected Datura metel plants against destructive effects of infection by a severe isolate Uran. The latter was not detected by reverse transcription‐PCR in plants pre‐inoculated 7 days earlier by I‐38, which indicates that it was excluded by host defence mechanisms triggered by the low virulent isolate. Our results provide the first evidence for the occurrence of cross‐protection between PVM isolates within a common host plant.

Antagonistic within‐host interactions between plant viruses: molecular basis and impact on viral and host fitness

“…This form of response has been reported, for example, in young Nicotiana rustica plants inoculated with Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), N. benthamiana and N. rustica plants infected with Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), and tomato plants infected with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and satellite RNA‐D (Mandadi and Scholthof, ; and references therein). It has also been demonstrated for young Datura metel plants inoculated with Potato virus M (PVM) (Grupa and Syller, ) (Fig. ).…”

“…A similar explanation may be valid for the outcome of co‐infection of a mild isolate I‐38 and a severe isolate Uran of PVM in D. metel plants (Grupa and Syller, ). Datura metel seedlings were mechanically inoculated with inoculum containing I‐38 or Uran alone, or a 1 : 1 (v/v) mixture of both isolates.…”

“…Recovery of the plants from disease symptoms suggested the occurrence of within‐host exclusion of the highly virulent isolate by the low virulent isolate. Indeed, only the isolate I‐38 was detected in these plants (Grupa and Syller, ).…”

Plant Viruses Infecting Solanaceae Family Members in the Cultivated and Wild Environments: A Review

“…The importance of virus infection timescale can be crucial for plants. Regarding wild solanaceous plants, Grupa & Syller [70] presented the first example of potato virus M (PVM) cross protection with jimsonweed as a host plant. Cross protection was aimed against the PVM Uran strain by pre-inoculation with the PVM I-38 mild strain.…”

Zdobnictwo przedmiotów drewnianych z Żółtego na Pomorzu Zachodnim jako przykład tzw. pomorskiej szkoły ornamentyki skandynawsko-insularnej

“…8: 4d). Do tego rodzaju przedstawienia krzyża bardzo podobne jest zdobienie zachowane na rękojeści drewnianego czerpaka z Ostrowa Lednickiego (Grupa 2000), natomiast zakończenia w formie trójkątów stwierdzono jeszcze na jednym, obustronnie zdobionym uchwycie łyżki z Żółtego (ryc. 7: g).…”