Cross-polarization 13C-NMR spectroscopy with ‘magic angle’ spinning characterizes organic matter in whole soils

Wilson, Michael; Pugmire, Ronald J.; Zilm, Kurt W.; Goh, K. M.; Heng, S.; Grant, David M.

doi:10.1038/294648a0

Cited by 53 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…S1, Supporting Information), which are typical of municipal compost (Wilson et al, 1981;Chen and Inbar, 1993;Spaccini and Piccolo, 2008). The spectra indicate the presence of aliphatic and aromatic groups, and phenolic and carboxylic functional groups.…”

Section: Compost Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Intermittent rainstorms cause pulses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and copper in leachate from compost in bioretention systems

Mullane

Flury

Iqbal

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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Bioretention systems rely on vegetation and mixtures of soil, sand, and compost to filter stormwater runoff. However, bioretention systems can also leach metals and nutrients, and compost may be a major contributor to this leaching. To safely implement bioretention systems, it is crucial to determine the composition of compost leachate. We characterized and quantified the leachate composition of compost following intermittent, simulated storm events. Columns of municipal compost were irrigated to simulate 6-month, 24-hour rain storms in the Seattle-Tacoma region. Outflow was analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), particulate concentration, surface tension, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen, phosphorus, and copper. Results indicate a decrease of chemical concentrations over the course of individual storms and following repeated storms, but each new storm released another peak of constituents. The decrease in phosphorus, copper, and DOC concentrations with repeated storms was slower than for nitrate and EC. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the DOC consisted mainly of aliphatic and aromatic components typical of fulvic and humic acids. Less than 3% of the original copper content from the compost leached out even after nine storm events. Nonetheless, copper concentrations in the leachate exceeded regulatory discharge standards. Our results show that compost can serve as a sustained source of leaching of nutrients and metals.

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Section: Compost Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Intermittent rainstorms cause pulses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and copper in leachate from compost in bioretention systems

Mullane

Flury

Iqbal

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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show abstract

“…Solid organic samples often show broad overlapping peaks due to dipolar interactions between 13 C and the much more common 1 H nuclei and interference due to paramagnetic materials such as iron oxides in the soil. The techniques of cross-polarization and magic-angle spinning (CPMAS) have been developed to greatly reduce line broadening due to 1 H (Wilson et al, 1981). Treatment with HF will both concentrate the organic material and remove paramagnetic materials (Schmidt et al, 1997;Skjemstad et al, 1994).…”

Section: Soil Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemistry of Decomposition and Detrital Processing

Sanderman¹,

Amundson²

2014

Treatise on Geochemistry

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“…The development of solid-state NMR, in particular 13 C NMR, immediately opened the door for numerous investigators to examine solid samples directly. (3,4) From this point on, NMR spectroscopy became one of the most widely used techniques for analysis of all forms of soil organic matter, both the soluble and insoluble humic substances. The ability to examine other nuclei in the solid-state also led to a large amount of research activity directed towards soil inorganic constituents.…”

Section: Fuel Science Program 2 Energy and Fuels Research Center Pementioning

confidence: 99%

NMR Techniques (C, N, and H) in Studies of Humic Substances

Bortiatynski

Hatcher

Knicker

1996

ACS Symposium Series

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Cross-polarization 13C-NMR spectroscopy with ‘magic angle’ spinning characterizes organic matter in whole soils

Cited by 53 publications

References 13 publications

Intermittent rainstorms cause pulses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and copper in leachate from compost in bioretention systems

Intermittent rainstorms cause pulses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and copper in leachate from compost in bioretention systems

Biogeochemistry of Decomposition and Detrital Processing

NMR Techniques (C, N, and H) in Studies of Humic Substances

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