Cross-orientation inhibition in cat is GABA mediated

Morrone, Maria Concetta; Burr, David; Speed, Harriet

doi:10.1007/bf00247294

Cited by 80 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Specifically during the rise time of visually evoked activity, VSD imaging is capable of detecting a notch attributed to intracortical inhibition counteracting the excitatory input drive (24,46). Importantly, this so-called decelerationacceleration ("DA") notch was shown to reflect cross-orientation inhibition (46)(47)(48) contributing to sharpened orientation tuning and thus demonstrating its functional relevance for intracortical processing (blue curves in Fig. 4 A-E show typical examples).…”

Section: Effects On Visual Cortical Processing-long-term Potentiationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Voltage-sensitive dye imaging of transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced intracortical dynamics

Kozyrev

Eysel

Jancke

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely used in clinical interventions and basic neuroscience. Additionally, it has become a powerful tool to drive plastic changes in neuronal networks. However, highly resolved recordings of the immediate TMS effects have remained scarce, because existing recording techniques are limited in spatial or temporal resolution or are interfered with by the strong TMS-induced electric field. To circumvent these constraints, we performed optical imaging with voltage-sensitive dye (VSD) in an animal experimental setting using anaesthetized cats. The dye signals reflect gradual changes in the cells' membrane potential across several square millimeters of cortical tissue, thus enabling direct visualization of TMS-induced neuronal population dynamics. After application of a single TMS pulse across visual cortex, brief focal activation was immediately followed by synchronous suppression of a large pool of neurons. With consecutive magnetic pulses (10 Hz), widespread activity within this "basin of suppression" increased stepwise to suprathreshold levels and spontaneous activity was enhanced. Visual stimulation after repetitive TMS revealed long-term potentiation of evoked activity. Furthermore, loss of the "deceleration-acceleration" notch during the rising phase of the response, as a signature of fast intracortical inhibition detectable with VSD imaging, indicated weakened inhibition as an important driving force of increasing cortical excitability. In summary, our data show that high-frequency TMS changes the balance between excitation and inhibition in favor of an excitatory cortical state. VSD imaging may thus be a promising technique to trace TMS-induced changes in excitability and resulting plastic processes across cortical maps with high spatial and temporal resolutions. (1) (TMS) has become a frequently used method for noninvasive diagnostics, therapeutic treatment, and intervention for neurorehabilitation of neurological disorders (2-8). Additionally, TMS has proved a valuable tool in basic brain research as its perturbative effects allow area-selective manipulation of immediate cortical function (9-11), as well as its long-lasting alteration through plasticity and learning protocols (12, 13). However, direct measurements of the TMS-induced cortical dynamics at highly resolved spatiotemporal scales are missing because "online approaches" (14), using modern neuroimaging techniques such as functional MRI (fMRI) (15-18), magnetoencephalography (19), EEG (20), and near-infrared (21) or intrinsic optical imaging (22), are limited in either spatial or temporal resolutions or in both.Here we overcame these limitations, using optical imaging with voltage-sensitive dyes (VSD), which exploits the dye's property to transduce gradual changes in voltage across neuronal membranes into fluorescent light signals. In contrast to imaging methods applicable in humans, this method is invasive but allows avoiding the commonly experienced contamination of signals by artifacts due to the strong ...

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Section: Effects On Visual Cortical Processing-long-term Potentiationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Voltage-sensitive dye imaging of transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced intracortical dynamics

Kozyrev

Eysel

Jancke

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…However, an orthogonal mask stimulus can substantially attenuate the response to an optimal test stimulus (Bonds 1989;DeAngelis et al 1992;Morrone et al 1987). Although the original demonstration was with orthogonal mask stimuli, subsequent work has shown that crossorientation suppression (COS) occurs for any mask orientation (DeAngelis et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the original demonstration was with orthogonal mask stimuli, subsequent work has shown that crossorientation suppression (COS) occurs for any mask orientation (DeAngelis et al 1992). This suppressive effect results when the mask and test stimuli are presented either monoptically (Allison et al 2001;Bonds 1989;DeAngelis et al 1992;Freeman et al 2002;Morrone et al 1987) or dichoptically (Ohzawa and Freeman 1986a,b;Sengpiel et al 1995aSengpiel et al ,b, 1998Walker et al 1998). Both forms of COS are independent of the mask orientation (DeAngelis et al 1992;Sengpiel et al 1995b), broadly tuned to spatial frequency (Bonds 1989;Sengpiel et al 1995a), independent of spatial phase (DeAngelis et al 1992), spatially well localized to the classical receptive field (RF) of the cell (DeAngelis et al 1992), and are established early in the developmental process (Endo et al 2000;Green et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The independence of stimulus orientation (DeAngelis et al 1992) and dependence on GABA (Morrone et al 1987;Sillito et al 1980) suggest inhibition from pools of neurons tuned to different orientations (Bonds 1989;DeAngelis et al 1992;Heeger 1992;Morrone et al 1987;Walker et al 1998). Because peak levels of suppression are obtained at relatively high temporal frequencies, feedback from area 18 may be involved (Allison et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross-Orientation Suppression: Monoptic and Dichoptic Mechanisms Are Different

Li¹,

Peterson²,

Thompson³

et al. 2005

Journal of Neurophysiology

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. Cross-orientation suppression: monoptic and dichoptic mechanisms are different. J Neurophysiol 94: 1645-1650, 2005. First published April 20, 2005 doi:10.1152/jn.00203.2005. The response of a cell in the primary visual cortex to an optimally oriented grating is suppressed by a superimposed orthogonal grating. This cross-orientation suppression (COS) is exhibited when the orthogonal and optimal stimuli are presented to the same eye (monoptically) or to different eyes (dichoptically). A recent study suggested that monoptic COS arises from subcortical processes; however, the mechanisms underlying dichoptic COS were not addressed. We have compared the temporal frequency tuning and stimulus adaptation properties of monoptic and dichoptic COS. We found that dichoptic COS is best elicited with lower temporal frequencies and is substantially reduced after prolonged adaptation to a mask grating. In contrast, monoptic COS is more pronounced with mask gratings at much higher temporal frequencies and is less prone to stimulus adaptation. These results suggest that monoptic COS is mediated by subcortical mechanisms, whereas intracortical inhibition is the mechanism for dichoptic COS.

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“…Of particular interest here is the variant known as cross-orientation suppression (XOS): a cell's response to a stimulus at its preferred orientation is reduced by the superposition of a mask stimulus at another orientation (Morrone et al, 1982;Bonds, 1989). Early work supposed that XOS is caused by intra-cortical inhibition (Morrone et al, 1987;Heeger, 1992), but recent studies of cat physiology have challenged this view. For example, mask stimuli that drift or flicker too quickly to excite most cortical cells will nevertheless produce XOS, implying precortical involvement (Freeman et al, 2002;Sengpiel and Vorobyov, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Psychophysical evidence for two routes to suppression before binocular summation of signals in human vision

2007

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Abstract-Visual mechanisms in primary visual cortex are suppressed by the superposition of gratings perpendicular to their preferred orientations. A clear picture of this process is needed to (i) inform functional architecture of image-processing models, (ii) identify the pathways available to support binocular rivalry, and (iii) generally advance our understanding of early vision. Here we use monoptic sine-wave gratings and cross-orientation masking (XOM) to reveal two crossoriented suppressive pathways in humans, both of which occur before full binocular summation of signals. One is a within-eye (ipsiocular) pathway that is spatially broadband, immune to contrast adaptation and has a suppressive weight that tends to decrease with stimulus duration. The other pathway operates between the eyes (interocular), is spatially tuned, desensitizes with contrast adaptation and has a suppressive weight that increases with stimulus duration. When cross-oriented masks are presented to both eyes, masking is enhanced or diminished for conditions in which either ipsiocular or interocular pathways dominate masking, respectively. We propose that ipsiocular suppression precedes the influence of interocular suppression and tentatively associate the two effects with the lateral geniculate nucleus (or retina) and the visual cortex respectively. The interocular route is a good candidate for the initial pathway involved in binocular rivalry and predicts that interocular cross-orientation suppression should be found in cortical cells with predominantly ipsiocular drive.

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Cross-orientation inhibition in cat is GABA mediated

Cited by 80 publications

References 33 publications

Voltage-sensitive dye imaging of transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced intracortical dynamics

Voltage-sensitive dye imaging of transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced intracortical dynamics

Cross-Orientation Suppression: Monoptic and Dichoptic Mechanisms Are Different

Psychophysical evidence for two routes to suppression before binocular summation of signals in human vision

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