Cross-neutralization and cross-protection among SARS-CoV-2 viruses bearing different variant spikes

Liu, Yang; Liu, Jianying; Zou, Jing; Kalveram, Birte; Machado, Rafael Rahal Guaragna; Ren, Ping; Türeli, Sina; Smith, Derek J.; Weaver, Scott C.; Xie, Xuping; Shi, Pei–Yong

doi:10.1038/s41392-022-01137-1

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Although not investigated due to the absence of metadata, differences between human study populations (such as age, co-morbidities and disease severity) as well as the timing of serum collection will affect titer magnitude. For example, in the Galveston dataset, hamster sera were taken at days 14, 28, and 45 post infection, and homologous titers increased ∼2.32-fold between day 14 and 45 ( 9 ). As we find that the rank order of fold change is similar between different animal model sera, the higher titers in non-human sera are not necessarily disadvantageous, as they may allow the characterisation of antigenically diverse variants without reactivity falling below the limit of detection of the assay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity across Assays and in Human and Animal Model Sera

Mühlemann,

Wilks,

Baracco

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The antigenic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires ongoing monitoring to judge the immune escape of newly arising variants. A surveillance system necessitates an understanding of differences in neutralization titers measured in different assays and using human and animal sera. We compared 18 datasets generated using human, hamster, and mouse sera, and six different neutralization assays. Titer magnitude was lowest in human, intermediate in hamster, and highest in mouse sera. Fold change, immunodominance patterns and antigenic maps were similar among sera. Most assays yielded similar results, except for differences in fold change in cytopathic effect assays. Not enough data was available for conclusively judging mouse sera, but hamster sera were a consistent surrogate for human first-infection sera.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity across Assays and in Human and Animal Model Sera

Mühlemann,

Wilks,

Baracco

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…S1A) were used for a fluorescent focus reduction neutralization test (FFRNT). The FFRNT assay has been proven reliable for high-throughput neutralization measurement [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A systematic analysis of the anti-genic relationship among variants provides the scientific basis for future vaccine design. We previously showed distinct cross-neutralization and protection among Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon, and Omicron BA.1 variants [ 28 ]. The current study extends the cross-neutralization analysis to the recently emerged Omicron sublineages, including BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4.6, and BA.5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-neutralization and viral fitness of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

Xia

Yeung

Kalveram

et al. 2023

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages mandates a better understanding of viral replication and cross-neutralization among these sublineages. Here we used K18-hACE2 mice and primary human airway cultures to examine the viral fitness and antigenic relationship among Omicron sublineages. In both K18-hACE2 mice and human airway cultures, Omicron sublineages exhibited a replication order of BA.5 ≥ BA.2 ≥ BA.2.12.1 > BA.1; no difference in body weight loss was observed among different sublineage-infected mice. The BA.1-, BA.2-, BA.2.12.1-, and BA.5-infected mice developed distinguishable cross-neutralizations against Omicron sublineages, but exhibited little neutralization against the index virus (i.e. USA-WA1/2020) or the Delta variant. Surprisingly, the BA.5-infected mice developed higher neutralization activity against heterologous BA.2 and BA.2.12.1 than that against homologous BA.5; serum neutralizing titres did not always correlate with viral replication levels in infected animals. Our results revealed a distinct antigenic cartography of Omicron sublineages and support the bivalent vaccine approach.

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“…S1 ) were used for a fluorescent focus reduction neutralization test (FFRNT). The FFRNT assay has been proven reliable for high-throughput neutralization measurement (Liu et al, 2022c; Zou et al, 2022a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A systematic analysis of the antigenic relationship among variants provides the scientific basis for future vaccine design. We previously showed distinct cross-neutralization and protection among Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon, and Omicron BA.1 variants (Liu et al, 2022c). The current study extends the cross-neutralization analysis to the recently emerged Omicron sublineages, including BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4.6, and BA.5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cross-neutralization and viral fitness of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

Xia

Yeung

Kalveram

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages mandates a better un-derstanding of viral replication and cross-neutralization among these sublineages. Here we used K18-hACE2 mice and primary human airway cultures to examine the viral fit-ness and antigenic relationship among Omicron sublineages. In both K18-hACE2 mice and human airway cultures, Omicron sublineages exhibited a replication order of BA.5 ≥ BA.2 ≥ BA.2.12.1 > BA.1; no difference in body weight loss was observed among differ-ent sublineage-infected mice. The BA.1-, BA.2-, BA.2.12.1-, and BA.5-infected mice de-veloped distinguisable cross-neutralizations against Omicron sublineages, but exhibited little neutralization against the index virus (i.e., USA-WA1/2020) or the Delta variant. Surprisingly, the BA.5-infected mice developed higher neutralization activity against heterologous BA.2 and BA.2.12.1 than that against homologous BA.5; serum neutralizing titers did not always correlate with viral replication levels in infected animals. Our results reveal distinct antigenic cartography of Omicron sublineages and support the bivalent vaccine approach.

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Cross-neutralization and cross-protection among SARS-CoV-2 viruses bearing different variant spikes

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Comparative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity across Assays and in Human and Animal Model Sera

Comparative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity across Assays and in Human and Animal Model Sera

Cross-neutralization and viral fitness of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

Cross-neutralization and viral fitness of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

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