Cross-National Moral Beliefs: The Influence of National Religious Context

Finke, Roger; Adamczyk, Amy

doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.2008.00130.x

Cited by 146 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Rather than offering compensation to Catholics by causing spillover of social support and social influence to people outside religious communities, Protestant social contexts allow for even larger health advantages for Protestants. Building on Stark (1996), and consistent with findings from research on other outcomes such as delinquency and moral attitudes (Finke and Adamczyk 2008;Regnerus 2003;Scheepers et al 2002), this is probably due to the fact that individual religious involvement more strongly influences people's norms and conduct in a social context in which such norms and conduct are endorsed by the majority. Importantly, our results revealed that the strength of the association between religious attendance and self-assessed health varies across European countries.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Religious Involvement, Religious Context, and Self-Assessed Health in Europe

Huijts

Kraaykamp

2011

J Health Soc Behav

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In the present study, the authors examine the extent to which effects of individual religious involvement on self-assessed health are influenced by the religious context (i.e., religious involvement at the country level). The authors test their expectations using individual level data (N = 127,257) on 28 countries from the European Social Surveys (2002-2008). Results of multilevel analyses show that individual religious attendance is positively related to self-assessed health in Europe. Protestants appear to feel healthier than Catholics. Moreover, modeling cross-level interactions demonstrates that religious denominations at the national level are influential: The health advantage of Protestants as compared to Catholics is greater as the percentage of Protestants in a country is higher, yet smaller as countries have a higher percentage of Catholics. The association between religious attendance and self-assessed health does not depend on the national level of religious attendance.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Religious Involvement, Religious Context, and Self-Assessed Health in Europe

Huijts

Kraaykamp

2011

J Health Soc Behav

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“…Second, given that attitudes about premarital sex may be partially shaped by laws regulating premarital sex, it would be ideal to include a measure of premarital sex regulation in the models. However, the present study lacks this measure in the analyses because I was not able to find a proper measure on government regulation regarding premarital sex; sexual behaviors are rarely covered under legal codes (Finke and Adamczyk 2008). Third, the current study examines factors that influence attitudes about premarital sex, not actual behaviors.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Cross-national Analysis of Religion and Attitudes toward Premarital Sex

Jung

2016

Sociological Perspectives

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This study examines how micro-level religious effects and macro-level economic contexts shape individuals' attitudes toward premarital sex. It then investigates whether the effects of individuallevel religiosity on approval of premarital sex are contingent on the economic characteristics of a nation, reflected by a country's gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. Multilevel analyses of data from the sixth wave of the World Values Survey (2010-2014) reveal that both individual religiosity and GDP per capita are important predictors of attitudes toward premarital sex. Furthermore, cross-level interactions suggest that individual religiosity has a greater negative effect on approval of premarital sex in countries that are more economically developed. I discuss how these findings speak to theories about religion, economic modernization, and the ways that macro-level contexts are linked with micro-level factors.A substantial body of research showed that personal religiosity is inversely associated with premarital sex (Adamczyk and Felson 2006;Barkan 2006;Jessor et al. 1983;Ogland and Hinojosa 2012;Petersen and Donnenwerth 1997;Regnerus and Uecker 2011;Rostosky et al. 2004;Tanfer and Schoorl 1992). Yet, most of these studies extensively used data from North American and other Western countries, although there are some exceptions (Adamczyk and Hayes 2012; Finke and Adamczyk 2008). Thus, it is unclear to what extent this association holds true across nations in the world. This study fills the void in the literature by investigating how religion influences cross-country differences in attitudes toward premarital sex. In addition, the current study examines how the effects of religion on attitudes about premarital sex depend on the economic context in which an individual is located. There is a rich theoretical basis for this inquiry. First, sociology has a long tradition of interest in how macroeconomic force shapes individuals' behaviors and attitudes (Bell 1973;Inglehart 1997;Marx [1858Marx [ ] 1993. Economic development tends to promote secularism, individualism, and self-expression values, which may lead to more permissive attitudes toward premarital sex. Second, an emerging literature in criminology suggests that

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“…Given the higher levels of religiosity among migrants in Europe compared to natives, religion is often mentioned as a possible explanation of homophobia . Both individual and contextual religiosity affect moral beliefs about sexuality (Finke and Adamczyk 2008). However, as with disapproval of homosexuality, religiosity itself is influenced by socialization cohorts (Kelley and De Graaf 1997) and, for migrants, with origin and destination country effects (Van der Bracht, Van de Putte and Van de Velde 2014;Van Tubergen 2006).…”

Section: Northern and Western European Countries Often Reporting Verymentioning

confidence: 99%

Homonegativity among first and second generation migrants in Europe: The interplay of time trends, origin, destination and religion

Bracht

Putte

2014

Social Science Research

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Previous studies reported declining disapproval of homosexuality in Europe but have simultaneously identified the decelerating effect of religiosity and the higher disapproval of homosexuality among migrants. In this paper, we address disapproval of homosexuality among first-and second-generation migrants in Europe by assessing (1) period and cohort changes, (2) origin and destination country influences and (3) the role of religiosity. We develop a specific cross-classified multilevel design enabling us to simultaneously examine these influences. We test hypotheses using a subsample of the European Social Survey (ESS), containing 19,878 first and second generation migrants. The analyses lead to three important conclusions. Firstly, disapproval of homosexuality is declining both over time and across cohorts. Secondly, migrants conform to levels of disapproval of homosexuality among natives in the destination country, and this explains the decline among migrants over time.Thirdly, religion has a multi-faceted influence on levels of disapproval of homosexuality among migrants.

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Cross-National Moral Beliefs: The Influence of National Religious Context

Cited by 146 publications

References 48 publications

Religious Involvement, Religious Context, and Self-Assessed Health in Europe

Religious Involvement, Religious Context, and Self-Assessed Health in Europe

A Cross-national Analysis of Religion and Attitudes toward Premarital Sex

Homonegativity among first and second generation migrants in Europe: The interplay of time trends, origin, destination and religion

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