Cross-National Associations between Age at Marriage and Intimate Partner Violence among Young Women: An Analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys from 48 Countries

Coll, Carolina de Vargas Nunes; Wendt, Andrea; Bhatia, Amiya; Barros, Aluísio J D

doi:10.3390/ijerph20043218

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…This, in turn, reduces health risks linked to early pregnancies. [ 32 , 33 ] Protection from early marriage is also important in preventing gender-based violence [ 34 , 35 ] and empowers women by granting them autonomy over life choices and facilitating their access to educational and employment opportunities. [ 36 ] This empowerment is vital for achieving gender equality and enhancing women’s participation in social, economic, and political realms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services among Married Adolescent Girls in Kano, Northern Nigeria

Ismail,

Amole,

Tsiga-Ahmed

et al. 2024

IJMA

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Background and Objective Married adolescents face significant obstacles in making informed reproductive health decisions and accessing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. It is important to identify barriers hindering these adolescents from accessing SRH services. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the utilization of SRH services among married adolescent girls in northern Nigeria. Methods We used a cross-sectional study design. The study population comprised of married female adolescents aged 14–19 years who were residents in the study areas for at least six months. The outcome measure was SRH service utilization, defined as the use of any of the conventional SRH services (ante/postnatal care, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and counseling, sexually transmitted infections (STI) treatment, family planning, and post-abortion care). Predictor variables included the sociodemographic, obstetric, and gynecological characteristics of the respondents. An adapted, pretested, interviewer-administered, and semi-structured questionnaire was employed for data collection. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the independent association between selected variables and utilization of SRH services. Results A total of 200 respondents were surveyed (100 each from an urban and a rural community in Kano, Nigeria), survey response rate: 94.5%. The age of respondents ranged from 14 to 19 years, with mean age (± standard deviation) of 18.5 (±1.1) years and 17.5 (±1.3) years for urban and rural respondents, respectively. All respondents were aware of the available SRH facilities and preferred public facilities (92.6% urban respondents and 67.0% rural respondents). Ever-use of SRH services was higher among urban than rural respondents (86% vs. 56%, respectively). Geographic proximity was a key factor for urban respondents (64.2%), while affordability was considered important by rural respondents (47.9%). Respondent’s age and partner’s occupation were independently associated with utilization of SRH services. Urban respondents whose husbands were businessmen were seven times more likely to use SRH services than those whose partners were civil servants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 6.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–35.84, P = 0.02). Rural respondents 18 years of age and older were approximately six times more likely to utilize SRH services than those <18 years (aOR = 5.71, 95% CI: 1.56–12.78, P = 0.01). Conclusion and Global Health Implications Awareness of available SRH services was high in the study population, and service utilization was influenced by the respondent’s age and partner’s occupation. Findings from this study can help inform the development of age-appropriate and accessible SRH services tailored to married adolescents in similar settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services among Married Adolescent Girls in Kano, Northern Nigeria

Ismail,

Amole,

Tsiga-Ahmed

et al. 2024

IJMA

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Investigating Pathways Linking of Women’s Education Status and Empowerment to Intimate Partner Violence Among Married Women in Sri Lanka: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Gunarathne,

Apputhurai,

Nedeljkovic

et al. 2024

J Interpers Violence

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In Sri Lanka, intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a major concern, particularly for married women. Women’s education and empowerment are significant contributors to IPV. Despite this, there have been no recent studies exploring the complex relationship between education and multidimensions of empowerment in relation to IPV in Sri Lanka. Therefore, this research addresses this gap by exploring the complex pathways connecting married women’s education and multidimensional empowerment to IPV. Using data from the 2019 Sri Lankan Women’s Wellbeing Survey, this study included 1,165 married women. A path analysis based on structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the complex interplay between distinct empowerment domains and IPV. The SEM results revealed both direct and indirect effects of women’s education and empowerment on IPV experiences. Education is positively linked to age at marriage, employment status, and husbands’ educational level, while inversely associated with accepting attitudes toward violence. Age at marriage plays a major role as a mediator, mediating the relationship between women’s education and their involvement in decision-making, and the relationship between husbands’ education and women’s IPV experience. Moreover, the relationship between women’s age at marriage and their IPV experiences was fully mediated by their decision-making ability, highlighting the importance of empowerment in decision-making. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions that address the interconnected factors affecting IPV risk among married women in Sri Lanka, particularly focusing on education, empowerment, and marriage timing.

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Multi-level analysis of intimate partner violence and its determinants among reproductive age group women in Ethiopia: evidence from Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey, 2016

Mulatu,

Dessie,

Abera

2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is recognized as a main public health challenge, with serious consequences for women’s physical, mental, sexual, and reproductive health. Despite its public health importance, most studies of IPV in Ethiopia mainly focused on individual characteristics and didn’t identify how factors operating at different levels affect IPV. Thus, there is limited evidence regarding the hierarchical-level factors of IPV and the effect of individual and community-level determinants of IPV. The aim of this study is to assess the individual and community-level factors associated with violence against women among ever-married reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Methods A retrospective analysis of secondary data retrieved from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey was conducted among reproductive age group women (15–49 years of age) who reported ever being married within the available data set for the domestic violence module. STATA 14 was used to conduct the analysis. A two-level mixed-effects logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between IPV and individual- and community-level factors. IPV variability across the community was assessed using ICC and PCV. The model’s fitness was assessed using the Akaike information criterion (AIC), the Bayesian information criterion (BIC), and the likelihood ratio test. Result The life time prevalence of IPV in this study was 33% [95% CI: 30.74, 34.25]. Women’s age 20–24 (AOR = 5.85, 95% CI: 201 3.10, 11.04), 25–29 age group (AOR = 6.41, 95% CI; 3.34, 12.32), 30–34 age group (AOR = 9.48, 95% CI: 4.71, 19.06), 35–39 age group (AOR = 9.88, 95% CI: 4.79, 20.39), 40–44 age group (AOR = 11.10, 95% CI: 5.16, 23.89), and 45–49, (AOR = 14.15, 95% CI: 6.01, 32.80), early marriage (AOR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.47), witnessing inter-parental violence during childhood (AOR = 2.80, 95% CI: 2.16, 3.96), having a lot of living children (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.74), having a partner who drank alcohol (AOR = 3.00, 95% CI: 2.42–3.67), decision-making autonomy of the women (AOR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.62, 0.97), Poor wealth index (AOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.18), middle wealth index (AOR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.36, 2.54) and exposure to media (AOR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.00) were all significantly associated with IPV. Conclusion and recommendation This study showed that one-third of the women experienced IPV in their lifetime. The finding suggested that community based interventions and multi-sectorial collaborations are needed to reduce the IPV and its adverse consequences.

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Cross-National Associations between Age at Marriage and Intimate Partner Violence among Young Women: An Analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys from 48 Countries

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Factors Associated with Utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services among Married Adolescent Girls in Kano, Northern Nigeria

Factors Associated with Utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services among Married Adolescent Girls in Kano, Northern Nigeria

Investigating Pathways Linking of Women’s Education Status and Empowerment to Intimate Partner Violence Among Married Women in Sri Lanka: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Multi-level analysis of intimate partner violence and its determinants among reproductive age group women in Ethiopia: evidence from Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey, 2016

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