Cross-linked polystyrene sulfonic acid and polyethylene glycol as a low-fouling material

Alghunaim, Abdullah; Newby, Bi‐min Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.01.026

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Sulfonic acid functional groups tend to attach to polyethylene. This behavior can be positive for membrane processes as it has been reported to increase ion transport [ 48 ] and lower fouling [ 49 ]. However, this attachment may be decreasing the availability of sulfonic acid functional groups in the wafer and thereby, decreasing the efficiency and the performance of the resin wafer for the removal of ions from high concentration wastewaters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Resin Chemistries on the Selective Removal of Industrially Relevant Metal Ions Using Wafer-Enhanced Electrodeionization

Erol

Hestekin

2021

Membranes

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Wafer-enhanced electrodeionization (WE-EDI) is an electrically driven separations technology that occurs under the influence of an applied electric field and heavily depends on ion exchange resin chemistry. Unlike filtration processes, WE-EDI can be used to selectively remove ions even from high concentration systems. Because every excess ion transported increases the operating costs, the selective separation offered by WE-EDI can provide a more energy-efficient and cost-effective process, especially for highly concentrated salt solutions. This work reports the performance comparison of four commonly used cation exchange resins (Amberlite IR120 Na+, Amberlite IRP 69, Dowex MAC 3 H+, and Amberlite CG 50) and their influence on the current efficiency and selectivity for the removal of cations from a highly concentrated salt stream. The current efficiencies were high for all the resin types studied. Results also revealed that weak cation exchange resins favor the transport of the monovalent ion (Na+) while strong cation exchange resins either had no strong preference or preferred to transport the divalent ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+). Moreover, the strong cation exchange resins in powder form generally performed better in wafers than those in the bead form for the selective removal of divalent ions (selectivity > 1). To further understand the impact of particle size, resins in the bead form were ground into a powder. After grinding the strong cation resins displayed similar behavior (more consistent current efficiency and preference for transporting divalent ions) to the strong cation resins in powder form. This indicates the importance of resin size in the performance of wafers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Resin Chemistries on the Selective Removal of Industrially Relevant Metal Ions Using Wafer-Enhanced Electrodeionization

Erol

Hestekin

2021

Membranes

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“…Alongside, there was no significant difference between the microstructure of the sublayer for pristine and the altered membranes as shown in Figure.3F-I. [35]. During the coating process, there was a strong interaction between the hydrophilic polyelectrolyte and membrane surface, which allowed many free COONa groups and OH groups to migrate toward the substrate and increase its hydrophilicity.…”

Section: Membrane Substrate Morphologiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Development of forward osmosis membranes modified by cross-linked layer by layer assembly for brackish water desalination

Suwaileh

Johnson

Khodabakhshi

et al. 2019

Journal of Membrane Science

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Membranes having high water flux and minimum reverse solute flux at low operating pressures are the ideal membranes for the forward osmosis (FO) process. In this work, we report the use of a LbL surface modification strategy to fabricate a novel positively charged FO membranes. The main purpose of this work was to fabricate an effective selective layer onto a commercial PES ultrafiltration membrane, which functioned as a support layer, to provide the best performance for treatment of brackish water by FO. The new membranes containing a mixing ratio of 0.1 MPDADMAC: 0.001 MCMCNa in the polyelectrolyte complex exhibited the best performance in terms of minimum reverse solute flux and acceptable water flux as compared to that for membranes containing a mixing ratio of 0.1 MPDADMAC: 0.01 MCMCNa. The improved performance and physicochemical properties of the new membranes were explored by various analytical techniques and were compared to the pristine membrane. Firstly, structural characterization revealed that the new selective layer was homogenous, uniform and strongly adhered to the substrate resulting in excellent water permeability and acceptable reverse solute flux. Secondly, 2 it was found that the optimal curing temperature was 60 O C for 4 hours that contributed to enhanced membrane performance. Lastly, the developed ranking protocol was adopted to optimize the membrane performance in terms of the water permeability coefficient (A) and solute permeability coefficient (B). According to this optimization procedure, the best performing membrane was membrane coated 2.5 bilayers which had water permeability and solute permeability coefficients of 23.1 L m −2 h −1 bar-1 and 1.54 L m −2 h −1 respectively.

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“…However, the hydrophobic properties of PSf membranes result in low water flux and serious membrane fouling. Over the years, much work has been done to improve membrane separation performance by changing the membrane surface chemistry and morphology to obtain hydrophilic PSf membranes, such as blending with hydrophilic polymers [8] and grafting with hydrophilic groups, including sulfonic acid [9], carboxylic acid [10], and amine group [11]. Previous research used inorganic nanoparticles with good wettability to modify membranes [12,13], but due to aggregation, the nanoparticles in the film were unevenly distributed and even plugged pores, thereby failing to achieve the desired effect.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Hydrophilic Composite Nanofiltration Membrane by Interfacial Polymerization

Xin-dong¹,

Wang²,

Huang³

et al. 2016

JESTR

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Hydrophilic nanofiltration membranes have drawn increasing attention owing to their high flux and anti-fouling characteristics. To improve the hydrophilicity of a polysulfone nanofiltration membrane, inorganic salt sodium phosphate in aqueous phase is added during interfacial polymerization (IP). In this study, hydrophilic composite nanofiltration membranes were prepared through IP and were then characterized in terms of their morphology and performance using scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), water contact angle, determination of pure water flux, and magnesium ion removal. The improved performance of the membranes was verified in terms of pure water permeability and rejection of inorganic salts. Results showed that the optimal monomer concentrations for different monomers are 1.5% of sodium phosphate, 1.0% of PIP, and 0.25% of 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride. The optimum reaction time of the aqueous and organic phases can be controlled for 1 min, and the optimum thermal treatment is 70 °C for 12 min. The SEM, AFM, and hydrophilic testing results indicated that the ultrafiltration substrate membrane surface has a compact and ultrathin functional layer, and the addition of sodium phosphate can improve the hydrophilicity of the resultant membrane. Therefore, inorganic salts, such as sodium phosphate, may be considered a potential additive for enhancing the performance of composite nanofiltration membranes.

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Cross-linked polystyrene sulfonic acid and polyethylene glycol as a low-fouling material

Cited by 12 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of Resin Chemistries on the Selective Removal of Industrially Relevant Metal Ions Using Wafer-Enhanced Electrodeionization

Effects of Resin Chemistries on the Selective Removal of Industrially Relevant Metal Ions Using Wafer-Enhanced Electrodeionization

Development of forward osmosis membranes modified by cross-linked layer by layer assembly for brackish water desalination

Preparation and Characterization of Hydrophilic Composite Nanofiltration Membrane by Interfacial Polymerization

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