“…Research on L2 learners of English with a variety of home languages (e.g. Spanish, Arabic, Mandarin, Italian, Hebrew, Cantonese) has shown that phonological awareness in the first language predicts literacy skills in L2 when taking second language skills into account (Cisero et al, 1995;Chen, Xu, Ngyuyen, Hong, & Wang, 2010;D'Angiulli, Siegel, & Serra, 2001;Dickinson, McCabe, Clark-Chiarelli, & Wolf, 2004;Durgunoğlu, Nagy, & Hancin-Bhatt, 1993;Gottardo, Chiappe, Yan, Siegel, & Gu, 2006;Gottardo, Yan, Siegel, & Wade-Woolley, 2001;Manis, Lindsey, & Bailey, 2004;Quiroga, LemosBritton, Mostafapour, Abbott, & Berninger, 2002;Wang, Perfetti, & Liu, 2005;Wang, Yang, & Cheng, 2009). These studies show that strong phonological skills in the first language contribute to second language learning, even if the two languages are very different from each other.…”