Cross Laminated Timber under Concentrated Compression Loads - Methods of Reinforcement

Maurer, Bernhard; Maderebner, Roland

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112534

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…However, flat plate systems create areas of high shear and bending stresses, as well as compression perpendicular-to-grain, at the support locations. This can lead to high rolling shear stresses in the CLT panel [23]; similar to the punching shear behaviour seen in flat plate concrete structures. The east and west towers use the SPIDER and PILLAR connectors, respectively, to provide adequate reinforcement for punching shear stresses and to bypass compression perpendicular-tograin caused by bearing on the CLT slabs.…”

Section: Mass Timber Flat Plate Floor Systemmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…To connect the glulam columns to the CLT, the connector (1) transfers the axial load from the column above to the column below through the steel core, (2) resists rolling shear with 45-degree fully-threaded screw reinforcement in its arms, and (3) reduces the concentrated stress at the column below by transferring the slab loads directly to the steel core (Figure 14). Further information can be found in the extensive research performed by Maurer and Maderebner [23] on the mechanical methods and numerical simulations of the SPIDER system to provide engineers with an insightful understanding of the structural response of the connector.…”

Section: Rothoblaas Spider Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case Study on a Large-Scale Timber Academic Building Designed to Address Current Industry Challenges

Fierro

Chen

Hull

et al. 2023

World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)

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The need for more sustainable construction has led to the desire to increase the use of wood materials in our buildings. However, challenges in terms of larger column grids, future design flexibility, and fire resistance have occurred in institutional, commercial, and industrial building types that have hindered mass timber's adoption. This study reviews these challenges and provides insight into the design of a mass timber academic building as a viable design solution. The building creates open-concept and future flexible spaces by taking advantage of several novel structural solutions, while achieving fire resistance requirements. The structural solutions include the long span hollowcore mass timber floor panels for large amenity areas, two flat plate "service towers", and a combination of timber braced frames and CLT shear walls for the lateral system, in order to meet the challenges faced.

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Section: Mass Timber Flat Plate Floor Systemmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Rothoblaas Spider Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Study on a Large-Scale Timber Academic Building Designed to Address Current Industry Challenges

Fierro

Chen

Hull

et al. 2023

World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)

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“…Für einen zweiachsigen Lastabtrag in x‐ und y‐Richtung müssen versetzt angeordnete Linienlager – im Falle einer Punktstützung Punktlager – vorhanden sein. Punktgestützte Flachdecken im Massivholzbau sind aufgrund der geringeren Schubtragfähigkeit der Querlagen und der hierdurch zumeist erforderlichen Verstärkungsmaßnahmen (Vollgewindeschrauben, Stahlsystemverbinder) bis heute noch eher selten [1, 2], werden aber aufgrund der Möglichkeiten der flexibleren Grundrissgestaltung, ähnlich wie im Stahlbetonbau, vermehrt zum Einsatz kommen. Der zweiachsige Lastabtrag führt zu Torsion und damit zu einer doppelten Krümmung κ xy der Decke (Bild 2).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Diagonallagenholz (DLH) – Ressourceneffizienz durch diagonale Orientierung einzelner Lagen: Bestimmung der Steifigkeitsparameter und Verformungsanalysen

et al. 2023

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Dieser Aufsatz befasst sich mit der Entwicklung von diagonal verklebtem Brettsperrholz (Diagonallagenholz – DLH), einem Laminat aus Massivholzlamellen, welche zur Anpassung der Steifigkeitseigenschaften in einem bestimmten Winkel zueinander angeordnet werden. DLH stellt somit eine anwendungsoptimierte Weiterentwicklung von Brettsperrholz (BSP) dar und erreicht bei gleichem Materialeinsatz verbesserte mechanische Eigenschaften. Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der analytischen Herleitung der Steifigkeitsmatrix, der experimentellen Charakterisierung und numerischen Verformungsanalysen. Die Untersuchungen wurden mit spezifischen DLH‐Serien durchgeführt, welche durch die Ausrichtung von Lagen unter Winkeln von ±45° bzw. ±30° (±60°) gekennzeichnet sind. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Torsionssteifigkeit im Vergleich zu BSP deutlich erhöht ist. Diese Eigenschaft ist vielversprechend für die Anwendung von DLH in Platten unter zweiachsiger Biegebeanspruchung, wie z. B. punktgestützten Flachdecken. Hierbei verspricht die diagonale Ausrichtung einzelner Lagen zudem Homogenisierungseffekte bei der Verteilung von Biege‐ und Schubspannungen. Gleichzeitig führt die diagonale Orientierung einzelner Lagen zu einer Erhöhung der Scheibenschubsteifigkeit, welche hinsichtlich aussteifender Wand‐ und Deckenelemente von großem Interesse ist. Die Forschung an DLH hebt die Relevanz und Eignung diagonal ausgerichteter Lagen in Massivholzelementen für einen effizienteren und damit nachhaltigen Umgang mit der Ressource Holz hervor.

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“…In recent years, intensive research has been carried out on this topic. This led to several different solutions, including the use of inclined screws as rolling shear reinforcement [1,2], the use of a system connector [3][4][5], or the possibility of using hardwood inserts in this area [6,7].…”

Section: Introduction 1generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [16], a method is proposed where screws are arranged horizontally and coupled by a screw connector. Another approach for the edge connection, beyond those primarily based on adhesives, is presented in [4,17]. This concept involves a dovetail joint filled with a synthetic reaction resin.…”

Section: Introduction 1generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Timber–Concrete–Composite Edge Connection for Two-Way Spanning Cross-Laminated Timber Slabs—Experimental Investigations and Analytical Approach

Stieb,

Maderebner,

Dietsch

2023

Buildings

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This paper introduces a method to create a moment-resisting edge connection between two cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels. With this connection, two-way spanning cross-laminated timber slabs can be realised, where the span exceeds the manufacturing and transport-related width of the individual CLT panels. Until now, mostly on-site gluing solutions have been suggested for such connections. In this study, a solution using a timber–concrete–composite (TCC) system is proposed. For this, self-tapping screws are inserted along the edge face of the CLT component, enabling the formation of a lap splice between two adjacent CLT elements. This lap splice is reinforced by additional rebars and filled with concrete. This means that only familiar, easy-to-handle materials are used on-site, and there is no need for adhesives, which can be difficult to apply. To evaluate the load-bearing capacity of the connection, it was subjected to a pure bending load in four-point bending tests, where load-bearing capacities of up to 70% of the characteristic load-bearing capacity of the solid CLT elements were achieved. An analytical approach for a simplified engineering calculation model is introduced to determine the load acting upon the screws. Based on the experimental results, it is shown that the analytical approach is able to adequately represent the load-bearing capacity of the connection. The analytically determined forces on the screws may then be used to carry out further verifications on this connection method.

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Cross Laminated Timber under Concentrated Compression Loads - Methods of Reinforcement

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Case Study on a Large-Scale Timber Academic Building Designed to Address Current Industry Challenges

Case Study on a Large-Scale Timber Academic Building Designed to Address Current Industry Challenges

Diagonallagenholz (DLH) – Ressourceneffizienz durch diagonale Orientierung einzelner Lagen: Bestimmung der Steifigkeitsparameter und Verformungsanalysen

A Timber–Concrete–Composite Edge Connection for Two-Way Spanning Cross-Laminated Timber Slabs—Experimental Investigations and Analytical Approach

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