Cross-cultural validation of the Perceptions of Stigmatization by Others for Seeking Help (PSOSH) Scale.

Vogel, David L.; Heath, Patrick J.; Engel, Kelsey E.; Brenner, Rachel E.; Strass, Haley A.; Al-Darmaki, Fatima R.; Armstrong, Patrick Ian; Galbraith, Niall; Galbraith, Victoria; Baptista, Makilim Nunes; Gonçalves, Marta; Liao, Hsin-Ya; Mackenzie, Corey S.; Mak, Winnie W. S.; Rubin, Mark; Topkaya, Nursel; Wang, Ying-Fen; Zlati, Alina

doi:10.1037/sah0000119

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…The first section of the survey included sociodemographic data, including age, gender, marital status, occupation, education level, and socioeconomic status. The items in the second section were based on the Arabic edition of the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form (ATSPPH-SF-A), which measures participants’ attitudes toward seeking professional assistance for psychological issues using a 10-item scale [ 13 , 14 ]. A 4-point Likert-type scale (ranging from 0 = disagree to 3 = agree) was employed to rate the items.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes and Stigma Toward Seeking Psychological Help Among the General Population of Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Aljuhnie,

Alharbi,

Alharbi

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background and objective Depression and anxiety are among the most common mental health conditions globally, and, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), roughly 25% of people worldwide suffer from them. Serious mental diseases can cause a great deal of suffering and incapacity, lowering people’s quality of life. Stigma and unfavorable attitudes toward mental illness often discourage people from seeking psychological assistance and achieving recovery from mental problems. This observational cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the attitudes of the general population of Makkah, Saudi Arabia, toward seeking psychological help, and to determine the degree to which stigma prevents individuals from seeking help. Methods An online, self-administered survey was distributed via social media platforms among the general population of Makkah between September and December 2023. Males and females over the age of 18 years living in Makkah were included. The exclusion criteria were participants who declined to participate in the study or those who were below 18 years of age. Results A total of 495 eligible participants completed the study survey. Of them, 378 (76.4%) were female, and most (390, 78.8%) were Saudi Arabian nationals. A total of 341 (68.9%) participants had symptoms of anxiety, and 319 (64.4%) had symptoms of depression. Regarding unfavorable attitudes, the scores were significantly higher among participants over 40 years of age (1.81 ± 0.46; p<0.05) and those with relatively low levels of education (1.93 ± 0.65; p<0.05). As for stigma, the scores were significantly higher among male participants (2.38 ± 0.83; p<0.05) and those with low levels of education (2.54 ± 0.8; p<0.05). Conclusion A significant negative correlation between participants’ attitudes toward seeking psychological help and stigma was observed. However, in contrast, the psychological symptom scores did not significantly correlate with the participants’ attitudes. Stigma scores showed significant positive correlations with depression and overall symptom scores. This research showed that stigma has a significant impact on attitudes toward help-seeking.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes and Stigma Toward Seeking Psychological Help Among the General Population of Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Aljuhnie,

Alharbi,

Alharbi

et al. 2024

Cureus

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“…Researchers are starting to pay attention to these cross-cultural questions, which begins by examining the cross-cultural validity of the tools that may help answer them. A study examining the social network stigma measure used by Topkaya et al (2017), the Personal Stigma of Seeking Help (PSOSH) scale (Vogel et al, 2009), across 11 countries found that the PSOSH items capture the same one-factor structure across countries and supported cross-country comparisons of the strengths of these relationships (Vogel et al, 2019). Although support for mean-difference comparisons were mixed based on the specific countries (Vogel et al, 2019), the bigger questions center less on comparing the extent to which social network stigma exists in these countries, but rather comparing the level of influence of social network stigma (i.e., the strengths of these relationships), which received cross-cultural support.…”

Section: Social Network Stigma Of Seeking Helpmentioning

confidence: 97%

Disentangling Mental Illness and Help-Seeking Stigmas

Brenner¹,

Egli²,

Hammer³

2022

The Cambridge Handbook of Stigma and Mental Health

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“…The researchers found metric invariance across 11 European, American and East Asian countries/regions, but not scalar invariance, which is an essential condition for valid comparisons of means across groups ( Putnick and Bornstein, 2016 ; Vogel et al, 2019 ). Given the small number of studies in invariance analysis of the PSOSH ( Vogel et al, 2019 ), coupled with non-optimal findings in the previous test of scalar invariance, we tested if the PSOSH was scalar invariant across gender and across previous therapy experience (with vs. without therapy experience). Because gender and therapy experience have been shown to be associated with the stigma of professional help-seeking ( Tang and Wen, 2015 ), it is necessary to establish the measurement invariance between these subgroups before making meaningful between-group comparisons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…One understudied issue regarding the English-language PSOSH is its measurement invariance. Currently, only one study has investigated the invariance of the English-language version of the PSOSH across cultures ( Vogel et al, 2019 ). The researchers found metric invariance across 11 European, American and East Asian countries/regions, but not scalar invariance, which is an essential condition for valid comparisons of means across groups ( Putnick and Bornstein, 2016 ; Vogel et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, only one study has investigated the invariance of the English-language version of the PSOSH across cultures ( Vogel et al, 2019 ). The researchers found metric invariance across 11 European, American and East Asian countries/regions, but not scalar invariance, which is an essential condition for valid comparisons of means across groups ( Putnick and Bornstein, 2016 ; Vogel et al, 2019 ). Given the small number of studies in invariance analysis of the PSOSH ( Vogel et al, 2019 ), coupled with non-optimal findings in the previous test of scalar invariance, we tested if the PSOSH was scalar invariant across gender and across previous therapy experience (with vs. without therapy experience).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing perceptions of stigmatization by others for seeking help in China: psychometric characteristics and measurement invariance across gender and therapy experience

Cheng,

Yang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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The stigma of social networks may be more noticeable in collectivist societies like China, but research in this area has largely been overlooked due to a lack of reliable measurement. To address this gap, this study tested the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Perceptions of Stigmatization by Others for Seeking Help (PSOSH) scale in the Chinese general population, and tested its invariance across gender and prior therapy experience. In a national online survey, 640 adults completed the PSOSH and conceptually related scales: Self-stigma of Seeking Help (SSOSH), Stigma of Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale (SSPPH, i.e., public stigma) and Attitudes toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form (ATSPPH-SF). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the unidimensional structure of the original PSOSH. The Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.84 and the 3-week test–retest reliability of was 0.77. The PSOSH showed moderate correlations with the three conceptually related scales, supporting its concurrent validity. Importantly, the PSOSH significantly predicted self-stigma scores, even when considering demographic variables and public stigma, supporting its incremental validity. The scale also demonstrated scalar invariance across gender and across subgroups who had vs. did not have previous therapy experience, supporting comparisons of latent means across these groups. The PSOSH is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing social network stigmatization of professional help-seeking in Chinese community samples.

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Cross-cultural validation of the Perceptions of Stigmatization by Others for Seeking Help (PSOSH) Scale.

Abstract: American Psychological Associatio

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Attitudes and Stigma Toward Seeking Psychological Help Among the General Population of Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Attitudes and Stigma Toward Seeking Psychological Help Among the General Population of Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Disentangling Mental Illness and Help-Seeking Stigmas

Assessing perceptions of stigmatization by others for seeking help in China: psychometric characteristics and measurement invariance across gender and therapy experience

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