“…The argument against competency models is that they reduce complex professional skills, knowledge, decision-making, tasks and processes into simplistic units of distinct activity and encourage a tick-box approach to the task of assessment (Eraut, 1994;Owens, 1995;O'Hagan, 1996;Parrott, 1999;Finch, 2010). For some authors this raises a concern that such models are also far removed from concepts such as antidiscriminatory and anti-oppressive practice (Jayaratne et al, 1992;Kemshall, 1993;Conn, 1993;Brummer, 1998;Phillips, 1998;Burgess et al, 1998b). Carpenter et al (2013) found support for an evolutionary model of professional development where three cohorts of NQSWs within a Children and Families team in England (N=2019) self-reported that confidence increased over the first year as expertise developed.…”