Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the spine functional index

Abstract

BackgroundThe Spine Functional Index (SFI) is a patient reported outcome measure with sound clinimetric properties and clinical viability for the determination of whole-spine impairment. To date, no validated Turkish version is available. The purpose of this study is to cross-culturally adapted the SFI for Turkish-speaking patients (SFI-Tk) and determine the psychometric properties of reliability, validity and factor structure in a Turkish population with spine musculoskeletal disorders.MethodsThe SFI English version was culturally adapted and translated into Turkish using a double forward and backward method according to established guidelines. Patients (n = 285, cervical = l29, lumbar = 151, cervical and lumbar region = 5, 73% female, age 45 ± 1) with spine musculoskeletal disorders completed the SFI-Tk at baseline and after a seven day period for test-retest reliability. For criterion validity the Turkish version of the Functional Rating Index (FRI) was used plus the Neck Disability Index (NDI) for cervical patients and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for back patients. Additional psychometric properties were determined for internal consistency (Chronbach’s α), criterion validity and factor structure.ResultsThere was a high degree of internal consistency (α = 0.85, item range 0.80-0.88) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.93, item range = 0.75-0.95). The factor analysis demonstrated a one-factor solution explaining 24.2% of total variance. Criterion validity with the ODI was high (r = 0.71, p < 0.001) while the FRI and NDI were fair (r = 0.52 and r = 0.58, respectively). The SFI-Tk showed no missing responses with the ‘half-mark’ option used in 11.75% of total responses by 77.9% of participants. Measurement error from SEM and MDC90 were respectively 2.96% and 7.12%.ConclusionsThe SFI-Tk demonstrated a one-factor solution and is a reliable and valid instrument. The SFI-Tk consists of simple and easily understood wording and may be used to assess spine region musculoskeletal disorders in Turkish speaking patients.

The reliability and validity of the Korean version of the spine functional index

“…The Spanish17 ) and Turkish11 ) versions of the SFI demonstrated high test-retest reliability when administered at a 7 day interval. Similarly, this study measured the test-retest reliability seven days apart, targeting chronic patients who had been suffering with an injury for more than 12 months.…”

Spray Stretch Technique Versus Progressive Pressure Release on Tratment of Myofacial Pain Trigger Point: Randomized Controlled Trial

“…The mean values and SD of pain in TP2 for group B pre and post-study were (0.69±0. 19) and (1.36±0.2) kg/cm2 respectively. There were significant differences between pre and poststudy in pain level, where P-values were (0.000).…”

“…Disability is calculated using the NDI raw score as no disability (0-4), mild (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), moderate (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24), sever (25-34) and complete (<34). The Neck Disability Index (IND) is the most widely used instrument in neck pain [19]. Procedures: The current study consists of three stages: Pretest measurements, Intervention period, Posttest measurements:…”

Cross-cultural validation of simplified Chinese version of spine functional index

“…The study used CFA to test whether the one-factor structure was suitable in the Chinese version, which was proposed by Tonga et al [ 24 ]. A best-fit model should present a non-significant chi-square result and the following indices: (1) a Satorra–Bentler scaled chi-square (S-Bχ 2 )/degrees of freedom ratio (CMIN/DF) of 2.0 or less; (2) a non-normed fit index (NNFI) no less than 0.90; (3) a Robust-Comparative fit index (Robust-CFI) no less than 0.90; (4) a goodness-of-fit index (GFI) no less than 0.90; and (5) a low root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) no less than 0.08 [ 2 ].…”

“…The SFI has been cross-culturally adapted into Spanish [ 4 ] and Turkish [ 24 ] with good psychometric properties. Currently, no validated simplified Chinese version of SFI (SC-SFI) has been published.…”