Cross-cultural adaptation of the Child Depression Inventory for use in Tanzania with children affected by HIV

Traube, Dorian E.; Dukay, Victor; Kaaya, Sylvia; Reyes, Hector; Mellins, Claude A.

doi:10.1080/17450121003668343

Cited by 47 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The internal consistency of the CDI-II-S as measured by Cronbach's alpha was lower than the 0.73–0.91 established in American samples across all versions of the CDI-II [29]. However, the internal consistency is similar to what was reported in Tanzania amongst orphans (0.67) [13]. The relatively lower internal consistency estimates suggest that additional modifications may need to be made to the CDI-II-S for use in this population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Prevalence of depression and validation of the Beck Depression Inventory‐II and the Children's Depression Inventory‐Short amongst HIV‐positive adolescents in Malawi

Kim

Mazenga²,

Devandra

et al. 2014

Journal of the International AIDS Society

104

111

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IntroductionThere is a remarkable dearth of evidence on mental illness in adolescents living with HIV/AIDS, particularly in the African setting. Furthermore, there are few studies in sub-Saharan Africa validating the psychometric properties of diagnostic and screening tools for depression amongst adolescents. The primary aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of depression amongst a sample of HIV-positive adolescents in Malawi. The secondary aim was to develop culturally adapted Chichewa versions of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Children's Depression Inventory-II-Short (CDI-II-S) and conduct a psychometric evaluation of these measures by evaluating their performance against a structured depression assessment using the Children's Rating Scale, Revised (CDRS-R).Study designCross-sectional study.MethodsWe enrolled 562 adolescents, 12–18 years of age from two large public HIV clinics in central and southern Malawi. Participants completed two self-reports, the BDI-II and CDI-II-S, followed by administration of the CDRS-R by trained clinicians. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values for various BDI-II and CDI-II-S cut-off scores were calculated with receiver operating characteristics analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) was also calculated. Internal consistency was measured by standardized Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and correlation between self-reports and CDRS-R by Spearman's correlation.ResultsPrevalence of depression as measured by the CDRS-R was 18.9%. Suicidal ideation was expressed by 7.1% (40) using the BDI-II. The AUC for the BDI-II was 0.82 (95% CI 0.78–0.89) and for the CDI-II-S was 0.75 (95% CI 0.70–0.80). A score of ≥13 in BDI-II achieved sensitivity of >80%, and a score of ≥17 had a specificity of >80%. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.80 (BDI-II) and 0.66 (CDI-II-S). The correlation between the BDI-II and CDRS-R was 0.42 (p<0.001) and between the CDI-II-S and CDRS-R was 0.37 (p<0.001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the BDI-II has sound psychometric properties in an outpatient setting among HIV-positive adolescents in Malawi. The high prevalence of depression amongst HIV-positive Malawian adolescents noted in this study underscores the need for the development of comprehensive services for HIV-positive adolescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The reading level is rated to be at the 2nd grade, and it can be completed in 5–10 minutes [28,29]. Each item is scored: 0 for no symptom; 1 for a mild; and 2 for definite symptoms [13,29]. The CDI-II-Long [29,32–34] from which the CDI-II-S is derived has been validated in a number of countries including Tanzania [13,35–37].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of depression and validation of the Beck Depression Inventory‐II and the Children's Depression Inventory‐Short amongst HIV‐positive adolescents in Malawi

Kim

Mazenga²,

Devandra

et al. 2014

Journal of the International AIDS Society

104

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Evaluating mental health in the Tanzanian setting is challenging as most mental health tools are based upon Western constructs. Several investigators have attempted to validate measures in resource-limited settings among HIV- affected orphan populations (Makame, Ani, & Grantham-McGregor, 2002; Traube, Dukay, Kaaya, Reyes, & Mellins, 2010) or children traumatized by war (T. S. Betancourt, Meyers-Ohki, Charrow, & Hansen, 2012; Jordans, Komproe, Ventevogel, Tol, & de Jong, 2008; Kohrt et al, 2011); however, few studies have attempted to validate mental health measures in sub-Saharan Africa (Lowenthal et al, 2011; Mutumba, Resnicow, et al, 2015)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating mental health difficulties and associated outcomes among HIV-positive adolescents in Tanzania

et al. 2016

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AIDS-related mortality among HIV-positive adolescents has risen by 50% despite the scale up of anti-retroviral therapy (ART). ART maladherence likely plays a role in the increase of AIDS related deaths among adolescents and has been shown to be associated with psychosocial and mental health difficulties. Addressing the specific mental health needs of HIV-positive adolescents is critical to ending the HIV epidemic. This cross-sectional study prospectively enrolled HIV-positive adolescents (12-24 years) in Moshi, Tanzania. A structured questionnaire was administered that included questions about home, school, adherence, and measures of stigma (Berger Stigma Scale) and mental health. Mental health measures included depression (PHQ-9), emotional/behavioral difficulties (SDQ), and traumatic experiences/post-traumatic stress symptoms (UCLA-PTSD-RI). Mental health difficulties were prevalent among HIV-positive adolescents and were associated with incomplete adherence and stigma. Resources are needed to reduce HIV stigma and address mental health among HIV-positive adolescents in low-resource settings. This will improve not only mental health, but may also improve ART adherence and virologic suppression, improving overall health of the individual and reducing the risk of HIV transmission to others.

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“…Each item consists of three statements and participants select the one that best describes their feelings for the past 2 weeks, for example, “I'm sad once in a while; I'm sad many times; I'm sad all the time.” Items were averaged to form a single score. The CDI has been used in a variety of countries including Puerto Rico (Molina, Gómez, & Pastrana, ) and collectivist Tanzania (Traube, Dukay, Krbya, Reyes, & Mellins, ). In the current study, Cronbach's alpha was .84 in the United States and .73 in Ghana.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Autonomy Support in Two Cultures: The Moderating Effects of Adolescents’ Self‐Construals

et al. 2017

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Parental autonomy support has been related to positive adolescent outcomes, however, its relation to outcomes in collectivist cultural groups is unclear. This study examined relations of specific autonomy supportive behaviors and outcomes among 401 adolescents (M = 12.87) from the United States (N = 245) and collectivist-oriented Ghana (N = 156). It also examined whether adolescents' self-construals moderated the relations of specific types of autonomy support with outcomes. Factor analyses indicated two types of autonomy support: perspective taking/open exchange and allowance of decision making/choice. In both countries, perspective taking/open exchange predicted positive outcomes, but decision making/choice only did so in the United States. With regard to moderation, the more independent adolescents' self-construals, the stronger the relations of decision making/choice to parental controllingness and school engagement.

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Cross-cultural adaptation of the Child Depression Inventory for use in Tanzania with children affected by HIV

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

Prevalence of depression and validation of the Beck Depression Inventory‐II and the Children's Depression Inventory‐Short amongst HIV‐positive adolescents in Malawi

Prevalence of depression and validation of the Beck Depression Inventory‐II and the Children's Depression Inventory‐Short amongst HIV‐positive adolescents in Malawi

Evaluating mental health difficulties and associated outcomes among HIV-positive adolescents in Tanzania

Parental Autonomy Support in Two Cultures: The Moderating Effects of Adolescents’ Self‐Construals

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