Cross-cultural Adaptation and Measurement Properties of an Italian Version of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI)

Abstract

Shoulder instability can be defined as the inability to maintain the normal position of the humeral head on the glenoid during upperlimb movements, which causes apprehension and/or pain.11 Acute traumatic anterior dislocation is the most common cause of shoulder instability. Shoulder instability may not manifest during clinical examination. The symptoms are typically intermittent and variable, thus an accurate assessment of symptoms over time and life circumstances is required to accurately portray the functional impact.Several instruments have been developed to determine the effects of shoulder instability. However, the majority of instability outcome measures consist of physician-rated questionnaires based on clinical information that does not convey T T STUDY DESIGN: Clinical measurement study. T T OBJECTIVES:To translate and cross-culturally adapt the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) into Italian, and to evaluate its measurement properties in patients with shoulder instability secondary to a first-time traumatic anterior dislocation. T T BACKGROUND:The WOSI was developed for English-speaking patients. To date, no Italian version of the WOSI exists. T T METHODS:The WOSI was cross-culturally adapted to Italian according to established guidelines. Sixty-four (16 women, 48 men) patients with unilateral shoulder anterior instability were prospectively recruited for the purposes of this study. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity, and responsiveness of the WOSI were evaluated. T T CONCLUSION:The Italian version of the WOSI is a valid, reliable, and responsive tool that can be used to measure function in Italian-speaking patients with shoulder instability due to a first-time traumatic anterior dislocation.

Evaluation of Oxford instability shoulder score, Western Ontario shoulder instability Index and Euroqol in patients with slap (superior labral anterior posterior) lesions or recurrent anterior dislocations of the shoulder

“…Because there are no domains in OISS, the internal consistency covers the total score of all 12 items. For WOSI findings are in keeping previous versions [37,38], but higher than those reported for the domain lifestyle [39,40]. For EQ-VAS, the Chronbach’s alpha was in keeping with the results of Adobor et al [41], slightly lower for EQ-5D.…”

“…For the WOSI, it was in accordance with the original version and later published versions [2,37,38], and for EQ-VAS it was slightly higher than that of the original version [12]. In contrast to previous studies the reliability of EQ-5D was not acceptable in the present study [12,41].…”

Measurement properties of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index in Dutch patients with shoulder instability

“…Cacchio et al [15] reported an SEM of 71 and an SDC of 196 in 64 patients. We found much higher SEM and SDC values (174 and 483, respectively), indicating that a patient has to improve at least 23% of the total score (483/2100 possible points) to ensure an improvement beyond measurement error.…”

“…Studies performed by Salomonsson et al, Hofstaetter et al, and Cacciho et al [11,12,15] all had smaller patient populations (32, 25, and 30, respectively) and differed in their treatment-free test–retest interval. Hoffsaetter et al and Cacchio et al used a test–retest interval of 24–72 h and 3 days or 14 weeks, respectively.…”

“…The Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) is a well-designed, thoroughly evaluated questionnaire that has proved to be reliable, valid, and sensitive to changes that are of clinical importance to Canadian patients with shoulder instability [7], leading to international acceptance. The WOSI has also been proven useful as an outcome measure in several clinical studies [8-10] and has been translated and validated in Italian, German, Swedish, and Japanese [11-15]. Translation and validation of PROMs allows comparison of national and international study results [7,16-19].…”