Cropping system-imposed yield gap: Proof of concept on soybean cropping systems in Uruguay

Rizzo, Gonzalo; Monzón, Juan Pablo; Ernst, Oswaldo

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107944

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Thus, for an informed farmer, being able to predict early in the year before sowing wheat (e.g., with a 3.5-month lead or more), the forecast scenario would allow the decision of growing a single soybean with BA management (when above normal is forecasted) or growing a double-cropped soybean after wheat (when below normal is forecasted). Similarly on a shorter timescale, a shorter lead time forecast would allow farmers to adapt management for soybean, given that the decision of growing a single or double-cropped soybean has been already made (Rizzo et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). Weather stations used in this study were selected following the protocols defined by Grassini et al (2015) and van Bussel et al (2015), and the process described by Rizzo et al (2021). Given the concentration of crop production in Uruguay, five weather stations were enough to cover 71% of the national soybean area.…”

Section: Sites Climate and Soil Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Predominant soil types cultivated with soybean in each region used in our study were identified based on data provided by Natural Resources Directory of Uruguayan Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries (www.mgap.gub.uy/unidad-organizativa/direccion-generalde-recursos-naturales). To account for the soil variability the procedure already described in Rizzo et al (2021) was used. In summary, we selected a group of soil types needed that cover 90% of the soybean harvested area in the zone of influence of each weather station (10 to 14 soils series) based on the CONEAT map (i.e.…”

Section: Sites Climate and Soil Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dominant (DOM) and best set of sowing date (SD) and maturity group (MG) for Below and Above normal forecasted precipitations for each soybean cropping system (single, S1; and double-cropped soybean, S2) for each weather station, based on the highest average seed yield and/or highest 25th percentile among the total simulated combinations. Dominant SD and MG were retrieved from a previously published study on soybean yield gaps in Uruguay (Rizzo et al, 2021).…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Riskneutral farmers tend to choose management options that are optimal for average seasons but are sub-optimal for either favorable or unfavorable seasons (Meza et al, 2008). In rainfed soybean cropping systems in the South American Pampas, the most important yield-limiting factor is the total rainfall and its distribution during the cropping season (Calviño and Sadras, 1999;Rizzo et al, 2021). Prior to the sowing date, which is one of the most yield-determining agronomic management decisions (Rattalino Edreira et al, 2017;Vitantonio-Mazzini et al, 2021), skillful probabilistic seasonal climate forecasts can provide information about expected rainfall in the growing season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Season-specific management strategies for rainfed soybean in the South American Pampas based on a seasonal precipitation forecast

Rizzo

Mazzilli

Ernst

et al. 2022

Agricultural Systems

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Global climate change is resulting in more frequent and more damaging extreme events affecting the performance of production systems. It is imperative to develop good season-specific crop management recommendations to help farmers to improve their adaptive capacity to a changing climate one season at a time. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the skill of the International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI) seasonal precipitation forecasts and the interaction between the forecasted seasonal precipitation scenarios and management practices for rainfed soybean cropping systems using a crop simulation model. METHODS: We used a crop simulation model (CROPGRO-Soybean) coupled with weather data to assess the potential use of the IRI seasonal precipitation forecasts as a tool to optimize season-specific management strategies for rainfed soybean in Uruguay. We used a total of 620-668 IRI seasonal precipitation forecasts released from 2003 to 2016 for each of the five weather stations located in the main soybean producing area. The analysis was performed for two soybean cropping systems (i.e., sown as a single crop or as double-cropped soybean), for

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sites Climate and Soil Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sites Climate and Soil Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Season-specific management strategies for rainfed soybean in the South American Pampas based on a seasonal precipitation forecast

Rizzo

Mazzilli

Ernst

et al. 2022

Agricultural Systems

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Use of sludge from pulp mills in extensive crops: An assessment at a semi‐commercial scale in central South America

Mazzilli¹,

Barrios²,

Ernst³

2022

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Land under agriculture has increased during the last 20 yr in the South American Pampas. Agricultural systems use mostly finite imported sources of P, so the use of local recycled P sources is an alternative. In Uruguay, two current events are relevant to this matter: the increase in the crop area of Brassica carinata (biofuels production) and the presence of large pulp mills. The working hypothesis was that pulp mill sludge applied prior to sowing carinata crops will substitute the use of inorganic fertilizers, and that the combination of sludge and inorganic fertilizers will increase grain yield. Two on-farm experiments were conducted, in which carinata was sown during the 2019 winter season and followed after harvest by soybean sown at one site and maize at another. At each site, six treatment strips (30 m wide × 400 m long) were established in a control-plot design. The treatments corresponded to two sludge types (biosludge and mixed sludge), combined with a traditional N, P, K, S chemical fertilizer (29 kg P ha -1 ), compared with a control treatment (not fertilized). Carinata yields results do not support the proposed hypothesis, because the yields of the sludge treatments were lower than the chemical fertilization treatments. The limiting factor for the crops was associated with N supply, as the nitrogen nutrition index showed low values. Sludge application did not result in changes in summer crop yields and soil chemical properties. Future studies should focus on the sustained use of combined fertilizer sources over time.

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Frost risk in canola and carinata as a function of sowing date in the agricultural central region of South America

Verocai¹,

Castro

Manasliski³

et al. 2022

Agronomy Journal

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Crop cycles in spring canola (Brassica napus L.) and carinata (Brassica carinata A. Braun) are controlled by temperature and photoperiod. In the central region of South America, which accounts for 90% of South American rapeseed crop production, farmers seek to sow as early as possible to maximize yield even though early sowing dates expose crops to a higher probability of frost occurrence that had not been quantified before. Our objective was to model phenology for one spring cultivar of canola ('Rivette') and one of carinata ('Avanza 641') and assess the probability of frost occurrence during flowering and grain filling in the central region of South America. For the estimation of frost risk, we modeled phenology resulting from 15 April to 15 August sowing dates at 12 locations (from 31.16˚to 34.20˚S latitude). We assumed that the critical period spans from 100 to 500 growing degree days (GDD) after flowering. Under early sowing dates, carinata tends to have a longer cycle (200 GDD more than canola) although both crops had a similar cycle length under a late sowing date. Predicted and observed flowering dates showed an average difference of 1.6 and 0.95 d for canola and carinata, respectively. Carinata has a lower probability of suffering frost events, and early sowing dates result in a greater exposure to frost damage. The results of this work will enable farmers and stakeholders to know the potential frost risk when defining a sowing date for canola and carinata. INTRODUCTIONRapeseed crops are among the most important commodities, with an annual worldwide production of 723 million t in 2019-2020. Rapeseed ranks fourth among the most important oilseed crops produced globally, accounting for 6% of a world oil crop market largely led by oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (FAOSTAT, 2020). Rapeseeds include canola (Brassica napus L.), an edible oil crop with low erucic acid and glucosinolates content Abbreviations: CCC, concordance correlation coefficient; GDD, growing degree days.

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Cropping system-imposed yield gap: Proof of concept on soybean cropping systems in Uruguay

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Season-specific management strategies for rainfed soybean in the South American Pampas based on a seasonal precipitation forecast

Season-specific management strategies for rainfed soybean in the South American Pampas based on a seasonal precipitation forecast

Use of sludge from pulp mills in extensive crops: An assessment at a semi‐commercial scale in central South America

Frost risk in canola and carinata as a function of sowing date in the agricultural central region of South America

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