Crop yields and supply of nitrogen compared in conventional and organic farming systems

Alaru, Maarika; Talgre, Liina; Eremeev, Viacheslav; Tein, Berit; Luik, Anne; Nemvalts, Anu; Loit, Evelin

doi:10.23986/afsci.46422

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…During the rotation cycle five different crops followed each other in the order: barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with undersown red clover, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The experiment was set up in a systematic block design with four replicates of each treatment and a plot size of 60 m 2 [24]. In the present study the data on winter wheat concerns the period 2013-2017.…”

Section: Experiments Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Weather Conditions and Farming Systems on Size Distribution of Starch Granules and Flour Yield of Winter Wheat

et al. 2020

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The size distribution of wheat-grain starch granules has an impact on the yield of fine flour. The aim of the study was to compare the impact of conventional (mineral fertilizers, pesticides) and organic farming treatments (cover crops, composted cattle manure) on (i) the size distribution of starch granules, (ii) the level of the first break whole and fine flour yield. The grain samples of winter wheat cv Fredis were taken from a long-term field crop rotation experiment established in 2008 at the Estonian University of Life Sciences in Tartu County (58°22′ N, 26°40′ E) on Stagnic Luvisol soil. The weather conditions during the grain filling period of winter wheat had a strong impact (p < 0.001) on the grain starch granule size distribution. The proportion of starch granules with a smaller diameter (C-type granules) was higher in years with a longer grain filling period. The size distribution of starch granules was not influenced by farming system. The increased proportion of C-type granules increased the fine flour yield significantly. Fertilisation with organic manure and twice with mineral nitrogen increased significantly the mean diameter value of different starch granules.

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Section: Experiments Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Weather Conditions and Farming Systems on Size Distribution of Starch Granules and Flour Yield of Winter Wheat

et al. 2020

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“…This investigation was conducted in a long-term field crop rotation experiment comparing organic and conventional growing systems (Alaru et al, 2014). The experiment was established in 2008 at the Estonian University of Life Sciences (58°22ʹ N, 26°40ʹ E) on the soil described as Stagnic Albic Luvisol (LV ab-st) (WRB, 2014), with sandy loam surface texture, 1.38% C, 0.13% N, 133 mg kg -1 P, 210 mg kg -1 K and pH KCl 6.0.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley undersown with red clover in organic and conventional systems: nitrogen aftereffect on legume growth

Alaru

Talgre

Tein

et al. 2017

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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Please use the following format when citing the article: Alaru M., Talgre L., Luik A., Tein B., Eremeev V., Loit E. 2017. Barley undersown with red clover in organic and conventional systems: nitrogen aftereffect on legume growth. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, 104 (2) AbstractNitrogen (N) deficiency is a major problem in organic and low-input farming systems. Growing spring cereals with undersown legumes has a positive effect on soil fertility, enriching it with nitrogen, through symbiosis of legumes with nodule bacteria. Two hypotheses were tested: 1) undersowing of red clover increases the protein content of barley grains and 2) mineral N has negative aftereffect on growth of legume plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of organic (cattle manure, off-season cover crop) and mineral N in organic and conventional farming systems on (i) barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain yield and quality, (ii) biomass yield formation of undersown red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and (iii) the aftereffect of mineral and organic N fertilisers on the red clover crop biomass yield in the following year. The experiment was established in 2008 at the Estonian University of Life Sciences (58°22ʹ N, 26°40ʹ E) on the soil described as Stagnic Albic Luvisol (LV ab-st) (WRB, 2014) with sandy loam surface texture, 1.38% C, 0.13% N, 133 mg kg -1 P, 210 mg kg -1 K and pH KCl 6.0. The crops were treated using different farming systems: three organic (Org0, OrgI and OrgII) and four conventional (N0, N40, N80 and N120); nitrogen sources during crop cycle period: N0 and Org0 = symbiotically fixed atmospheric N 2 , N40 = N 2 + mineral N 40 kg ha -1 N, N80 = N 2 + mineral N 80 kg ha -1 N, N120 = N 2 + mineral N 120 kg ha -1 N, OrgI = N 2 + N taken up by cover crops (N CC ) and OrgII = N 2 + N CC + N applied with manure (N m ). Our study revealed that grain yield of barley was strongly affected by undersown red clover; because of competition for nutrients in cereallegume mixture the grain yield of barley in organic system was 11-61% lower than that in conventional system. The seed rate of undersown red clover (2.84 million viable seed per ha) was too high. The content of protein depended on the availability of mineralised nitrogen. The mean protein content of barley grains over the trial years and treatments was 99 ± 1.6 g kg -1 in the conventional system, which was 17% higher than that in the organic system. Undersowing of red clover had no significantly positive effect on the grain yield and protein content of barley. Mineral N fertiliser had no negative aftereffect on growth of the red clover crop the following year. Mean above ground biomass yield over the trial years for the red clover crop 2 nd cut was 17% higher in the conventional system than in the organic system.

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“…In our study the N tot stock decreased almost in all systems except in a system in which composted manure was used. According to the study by Alaru et al (2014) (which is based on the same experiment as this study is) the total annual N input from different sources (main crop, CC, manure, N 2 -fixation, N fertilization) varied between 80 and 150 kg N ha y À1 . The N input was the highest in N3 system and the lowest in N1 system.…”

Section: Table 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil carbon dynamics estimation and dependence on farming system in a temperate climate

Kauer

Tein

Cima

et al. 2015

Soil and Tillage Research

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Crop yields and supply of nitrogen compared in conventional and organic farming systems

Cited by 34 publications

References 20 publications

Impact of Weather Conditions and Farming Systems on Size Distribution of Starch Granules and Flour Yield of Winter Wheat

Impact of Weather Conditions and Farming Systems on Size Distribution of Starch Granules and Flour Yield of Winter Wheat

Barley undersown with red clover in organic and conventional systems: nitrogen aftereffect on legume growth

Soil carbon dynamics estimation and dependence on farming system in a temperate climate

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