Crop Vulnerability to Weather and Climate Risk: Analysis of Interacting Systems and Adaptation Efficacy for Sustainable Crop Production

Abstract

Climate change is increasing mean and extreme temperatures in the Southwestern United States, leading to a suite of changes affecting agricultural production. These include changes in water, soils, pathogens, weeds, and pests comprising the production environment. The aim of this synthesis is to describe the anticipated leading agricultural pressures and adaptive responses, many of which are near-term actions with longer-term consequences. In the semiarid Southwestern United States, climate change is expected to increase water scarcity. Surface water shortage is the leading reason for recent diminished crop yields in the Southwest. Drought and lack of water represent the leading regional weather-related cause of crop loss from 1989 to 2017. Thus, water scarcity has been and will continue to be a critical factor leading to regional crop vulnerability. Soils, pathogens, weeds, and insects are components of the agricultural production environment and are directly influenced by near-term weather and long-term climate conditions. Field crops, vegetable crops, and perennial crops have unique production requirements and diverse management options, many already used in farm management, to cope with production environment changes to build climate resilience. Farmers and ranchers continuously respond to changing conditions on a near-term basis. Long-term planning and novel adaptation measures implemented may now build nimble and responsive systems and communities able to cope with future conditions. While decision-support tools and resources are providing increasingly sophisticated approaches to cope with production in the 21st century, we strive to keep pace with the cascading barrage of inter-connected agricultural challenges.

Factores de riesgo operacional en agricultura: evaluación por medio del método de Proceso Jerárquico Analítico (AHP). Estudio de caso en el cultivo de café

“…Los resultados de la presente investigación señalan a los factores ambientales y climáticos como los más riesgosos dentro de un sistema agrícola en concordancia con las afirmaciones de otras investigaciones (Elias et al, 2019;Pelka et al, 2015), principalmente porque algunos eventos específicos de este tipo son impredecibles y el tiempo de reacción es reducido, siendo el factor donde más acciones y planeación deben tomar los productores, así como la cantidad de recursos financieros que deben destinar para enfrentar estos riesgos.…”

Climate Change Impacts on Agricultural Production and Crop Disaster Area in China

“…1.1.1. Research on the Effect of Climate on Agricultural Production Elias et al [1] studied the changes in agricultural production caused by extreme temperature in the southwest of the United States, and described the agricultural pressure and adaptive response of the United States by analyzing the changes in variable elements. The results showed that the water shortage in the semi-arid areas of the southwest of the United States was becoming more and more serious, resulting in the reduction of crop production.…”

Nanoparticle-Based Sustainable Agriculture and Food Science: Recent Advances and Future Outlook

“…Some progress is still needed to gain the practical advantages of nanotechnology, such as better design of processes, risk assessment of nanopesticides and nanofertilizers, and regulations for commercialization of nanoagroproducts (Chen and Yada, 2011;de Oliveira et al, 2014;Amenta et al, 2015). Another challenging issue yet to be resolved includes farming systems to deal better with unpredictable climate variability, including new varieties of crops that can sustain drought, heat, and other environmental stress to convey the whole spectrum of modern farming practices worldwide (Elias et al, 2019). We strongly believe that a broad perspective of nanotechnology is essential to fulfilling the goal of helping foster global agriculture.…”