Crop Responses to Azospirillum Inoculation

Azospirillum sp . inoculation in wheat, barley and oats seeds greenhouse experiments

“…Although, normally the greatest enhances on grain yield caused by Azospirillum sp. inoculation are obtained in association to doses of nitrogen inferior to greatest dose (Didonet et al, 1996;Millet et al, 1984;Raí and Guar, 1988;Sumner, 1990). These grain yield increases, caused by the inoculation with Azospirillum are not just related with the capacity that these bacterias present in fix the atmospheric nitrogen but also, due to the production of plant growth promoting substances.…”

“…The genera Azospirillum, Herbaspirillum, Azobacter and Acetobacter show generalized occurrence in economically important cultures such as corn, wheat, rice, sorghum and sugar cane, like this being with frequency, in experiments seeking the agronomic utilization as biofertilizers (Döbereiner, 1997;Reinhold and Hurek, 1988;Sundaram et al, 1988). The bacterias of the Azospirillum genera presents application potential in agricultural systems, around 70% of the experiments up to 30% in productivity (Bashan and Holguin, 1997;Dalla Santa et al, 2004;Fani et al, 1995;Katupitiya et al, 1995;Machado et al, 1998;Sumner, 1990). Azospirillum bacterias form different types of association in diverse vegetables species.…”

“…The promotion of plants growth inoculated with Azospirillum has been obtained in field conditions and greenhouse experiments, resulting in significant changes in several characteristics of the plants. The inoculation can cause increase in the dry weight and in the accumulation of total nitrogen of the plant, in the grain yields and in the weight of the grains, in the germination rate of the seeds and in changes in the duration of the plants growth stages (Boddey and Döbereiner, 1988;Fages, 1994;Fallik and Okon, 1996;Nur et al, 1980;Pandey et al 1998;Sumner, 1990). The beneficial effects caused by the inoculation with Azospirillum are not only due to FBN in the rhizosphere, but mainly, for the best efficiency in the absorption of water and nutrients, which happens due to a more developed root system, increasing the soil area explored by the roots.…”

Effects of plant-growth-promoting bacteria on growth and yield of pepper under limited nitrogen supply

“…However, the dramatic reduction in marketable yield (particularly for the fruit of ''extra'' quality) was found in both limited N treatments, an unacceptable situation for growers. Other studies of PGPB in different crops reported relatively more success regarding N nutrition, but growth promotion did not always translate into higher crop yields (Sumner 1990;Fages 1994). The special characteristics of irrigation management in soilless cultivation (very high irrigation frequency) coupled with the substrate properties (chemical and physical) could directly affect the successful use of these bacteria and the plant response.…”

Growth and Leaf Nutrient Status in Banana cv. Grand Naine (AAA) as Influenced by Different Organic Amendments

“…Bhargava, 1999). This beneficial influence can be attributed to the Azospirillum inoculation which might have fixed atmospheric nitrogen in the soil, in addition to secretion of plant growth promoting substances that usually promotes the growth (Sumner, 1990).…”