Crop residue effects on soil quality following 10-years of no-till corn

Karlen, Douglas L.; Wollenhaupt, N. C.; Erbach, D. C.; Berry, E. C.; Swan, J. B.; Eash, Neal S.; Jordahl, James L.

doi:10.1016/0167-1987(94)90077-9

Cited by 356 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…As the amount of stover harvest increased, SRP values increased steadily from 1.55 to 2.16 MPa, but due to variability in the data, only the noand high-harvest treatments were statistically different at p < 0.05 (Table 2). These results are not consistent with those of Karlen et al (1994) or Moebius-Clune et al (2008) who did not find any detectable, adverse effects of stover harvest on SRP. However, reported that SRP increased as stover harvest rates increased.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Negative effects of corn stover harvest on Bd under no-tillage were also reported by Blanco-Canqui et al (2006, who consistently found lower structural stability and consequently an increased susceptibility to compaction. However, other studies have reported no effects of stover harvest on Bd (Karlen et al, 1994(Karlen et al, , 2011bVillamil et al, 2015). We hypothesize that leaving corn stover on the soil surface reduced Bd through a combination of effects including protection against soil compression by machinery wheel traffic as verified by Braida et al (2006), reduced axel load associated with machinery used for alfalfa production, and perhaps preservation of active organic carbon fractions involved in stabilizing soil aggregates resulted in lower average Bd values for the no-tillage treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on near-surface soil physical quality

Tormena

Karlen

Logsdon

et al. 2017

Soil and Tillage Research

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and Cherubin, Maurício R., "Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on nearsurface soil physical quality" (2017). Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty. 1628Faculty. . http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub/1628 Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on near-surface soil physical quality Excessive harvest of corn (Zea mays L.) stover for ethanol production has raised concerns regarding negative consequences on soil physical quality. Our objective was to quantify the impact of two tillage practices and three levels of corn stover harvest on near-surface soil physical quality through the Least Limiting Water Range (LLWR). We evaluated no harvest, moderate and high stover harvest treatments within no-tillage and chisel plow plots following seven years of continuous corn production. Forty undisturbed soil samples were taken from the 0-7.5 cm deep layer within each treatment and used to determine water retention curves, soil resistance to penetration and bulk density values (Bd). No-tillage plots had higher average soil bulk density and resistance to penetration values, and were more affected by stover harvest than chisel plow plots. The results confirmed that soil resistance to penetration determined the lower limit of the LLWR regardless of tillage or stover treatment, whereas soil aeration controlled the upper limit only at Bd > 1.45 and Bd > 1.55 Mg m À3 for chisel plow and no-tillage, respectively. The LLWR was smallest for no-tillage with moderate or high corn stover harvest, indicating poor soil physical condition for plant growth, while the largest LLWR occurred with moderate stover harvest and chisel plowing. The introduction of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) into an extended rotation with no-tillage improved the LLWR by reducing the potential crop growth restriction due to resistance to penetration. Although bulk density values were only occasionally higher than the critical level (Bd = 1.60 Mg m À3 for chisel plow and Bd = 1.64 Mg m À3 for no-tillage), lower soil structure quality was evident with no-tillage under moderate or high stover harvest and with chisel plowing under high stover removal. The LLWR was more sensitive than available soil water content for detecting tillage and stover harvest effects on soil structural degradation.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on near-surface soil physical quality

Tormena

Karlen

Logsdon

et al. 2017

Soil and Tillage Research

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“…In PB, 453 SOC 0.05 accumulated faster in furrows than in beds and was stabilized at higher values: 1.67%positions in PB is due to the larger amount of crop residues on the furrows and the slightly 456 more favourable micro-environmental conditions (higher soil moisture, lower soil temperature 457 during the day, and higher soil temperature at night) for microorganism activity as shown for 458 this same site (Panettieri et al, 2013). There is a close link between the amount of crop 459 residues and soil organic carbon provided humidity and temperature do not limit the biological 460 processes (Karlen et al, 1994). has increased to reach a similar stable value to that in undisturbed PB beds (Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Planting Systems On Crop Residues and Soil Organicmentioning

confidence: 84%

No-tillage permanent bed planting and controlled traffic in a maize-cotton irrigated system under Mediterranean conditions: Effects on soil compaction, crop performance and carbon sequestration

Cid

Carmona

Murillo

et al. 2014

European Journal of Agronomy

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No-tillage permanent bed planting and controlled traffic in a maize-cotton irrigated system RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS 12We studied permanent (PB) and conventional (CB) bed systems, and controlled traffic 13Crops in CB, PB and decompacted PB (DPB) behaved similarly above ground 14In PB and DPB, compaction by traffic reduced root density in the 0.6-m topsoil 15Root density below 0.6 m depth was higher in PB than in CB despite topsoil compaction 16After 6 years, SOC stock (top 0.5-m layer) was 5.7 Mg ha -1 higher in PB than in CB 17 ABSTRACT 19Under irrigated Mediterranean conditions, no-tillage permanent bed planting (PB) is a 20 promising agriculture system for improving soil protection and for soil carbon 21 sequestration. However, soil compaction may increase with time up to levels that reduce 22 crop yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mid-term effects of PB on soil 23 compaction, root growth, crop yield and carbon sequestration compared with 24 conventionally tilled bed planting (CB) and with a variant of PB that had partial subsoiling 25 (DPB) in a Typic Xerofluvents soil (Soil Survey Staff, 2010) in southern Spain. Traffic was 26 controlled during the whole study and beds, and furrows with (F+T) and without traffic (F-27 T), were spatially distinguished during measurements. Comparisons were made during a 28Preprint submitted to Elsevier 2 crop sequence of maize (Zea mays L.)-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)-maize, 29 corresponding to years 4-6 since trial establishment. After six years, soil compaction was 30 higher in PB than in CB, particularly under the bed (44 and 27% higher in top 0.3-and 0.6-31 m soil layers, respectively). Around this time, maize root density at early grain filling was 32 17% lower in PB than in CB in the top 0.6-m layer. In DPB, the subsoiling operation was 33 not effective in increasing root density. Nevertheless, root density appeared to maintain 34 above-ground growth and yield in both PB and DPB compared to CB. Furthermore, at the 35 end of the study, more soil organic carbon was stocked in PB than in CB and the difference 36

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“…Conservation tillage, especially no tillage, has been promoted to reduce soil erosion, runoff of pesticides and fertilizers, and pesticide use (Fawcett et al 1994;Karlen et al 1994;Swanton and Murphy 1996a;Swanton and Weise 1991). Results have indicated that crop yields under conservation tillage may not decrease if the system is managed properly, allowing time for farmers to adapt to a new system (Ball et al 1994;Cannell and Hawes 1994;Swanton et al 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion of weed species diversity and reduction of weed seedbanks with conservation tillage and crop rotation

et al. 2006

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In a 6-yr study on four farms (36 fields) in Ontario, Canada, we tested the effects of tillage (moldboard, chisel plow, no tillage) and crop rotations (continuous corn, corn-soybean, corn-soybean-winter wheat) on emerged and seedbank weed species diversity and density. Aside from the imposed experimental treatments, all other management was generally consistent among farms. Tillage had the largest effect on weed diversity and density. No tillage promoted the highest weed species diversity, chisel plow was intermediate, and moldboard plow resulted in the lowest species diversity. These results are consistent with ecological succession theory. The increase in weed species diversity resulted from 20 species being associated with no tillage systems, 15 of which were winter annuals, biennials, or perennials. Emerged weed density was affected only by tillage. Over 6 yr, seedbank declined in no-tillage systems from 41,000 to 8,000 seeds m Ϫ3 . Crop yields were not affected by tillage or crop rotation. In practical terms, reduced tillage in combination with a good crop rotation may reduce weed density and expenditures on weed management.Nomenclature: Glyphosate; corn, Zea mays L. 'Pioneer 3902'; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. 'KG 40'; winter wheat Triticum aestivum L.

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Crop residue effects on soil quality following 10-years of no-till corn

Cited by 356 publications

References 28 publications

Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on near-surface soil physical quality

Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on near-surface soil physical quality

No-tillage permanent bed planting and controlled traffic in a maize-cotton irrigated system under Mediterranean conditions: Effects on soil compaction, crop performance and carbon sequestration

Promotion of weed species diversity and reduction of weed seedbanks with conservation tillage and crop rotation

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