Crop Losses due to insect pests: Global and Indian Scenario

Dhaliwal, G. S.; Jindal, Vikas; Mohindru, Bharathi

doi:10.5958/0974-8172.2015.00033.4

Cited by 195 publications

(137 citation statements)

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“…In a world-wide survey conducted by Sasser [16] the 10 most important genera of plant parasitic nematodes revealed were Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Heterodera, Ditylenchus, Globodera, Tylenchulus, Xiphinema, Radopholus, Rotylenchulus and Helicotylenchus causing damage to agricultural crops. In India also, there are some reports which indicate heavy crop losses due to nematodes [17].…”

Section: The Proper Utilization Of This Approach Involves the Followimentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Pest Management with Reference to INM

Singh¹,

Prasad²

2016

Adv Crop Sci Tech

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Modern agriculture is highly input intensive and greatly dependent on chemical pesticides for the control of insect pests, diseases and nematodes. Indiscriminate and excessive use of pesticides in agriculture has played havoc with agro-ecosystem by polluting water and food chains and causing emergence of pesticide resistance both in target and non-target pests. INM techniques recognize the importance of biological control used against noxious nematodes. This approach being knowledge based has great flexibility and contributes admirably to the preservation of ecosystem and sustainable agriculture. In the context of changing cropping pattern and the environmental degradation, strategies are needed to minimize present use of organic inputs hence, INM assumed is a part of ecosystem especially artificial ecosystem. However, now a days INM has evolved more as a holistic approach in crop protection.

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Section: The Proper Utilization Of This Approach Involves the Followimentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Pest Management with Reference to INM

Singh¹,

Prasad²

2016

Adv Crop Sci Tech

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“…To take advantage of the new environmental conditions the introduction of new crops and cultivators is one of the adaptive strategies suggested as a possible response to climatic changes [11][12][13][14][15]. These will show a shift in the rates of plant and insect developments, which may either increase or decrease herbivory.…”

Section: Effect Of Climate Change On Chemical Ecology and Tritrophicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climate change lowers the plant defense system against insect pests, thereby making them vulnerable to attack [11,14,15]. Early onset of infestation by H. armigera in cotton and pulses in Northern India is one such example [8,21].…”

Section: Effect Of Climate Change On Chemical Ecology and Tritrophicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change Shifts in species abundance and diversity due to climate change may result in reduction in the efficacy of insect pest management programs; hence the need to sharpen existing monitoring tools and develop new ones to help detect potential changes in pest distribution, population ecology, damage assessment, yield loss and impact assessment [11,14,15]. Potential changes in pest survival strategies may need broader and stronger inter-center partnerships to develop new IPM options or disseminate existing ones to new areas where farmers may find these applicable.…”

Section: Effect Of Climate Change On Crop Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of climate change on insect pests, plant chemical ecology, tritrophic interactions and food production

2016

IJCBS

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Climate change is a major concern for agriculture globally. Dynamic climatic parameters including increased temperature and carbon dioxide have greatly affected crop production. As a consequence of climatic uncertainties, new insect pests have emerged, the crop cultivation practices have changed, and drought and floods have created havoc around the globe. Besides, plant and insecticidal resistance against insects and diseases has got compromised, the diversity and abundance of arthropods has changed, geographical ranges of insect pests have extended far beyond their existing limits and new biotypes have evolved. All these have led to the reduced efficacy of crop protection technologies, huge crop losses, thereby, food insecurity. Although concerted efforts have been made and simulation models have been developed to mitigate the climate change effects on plants, still, most simulation models fail to account for losses due to pests, weeds and diseases. In addition, the monitoring data of insect pests are not available in most of the developing countries and the software models developed for prediction analysis are not effective against insect-pests. This review highlights the possible impacts of climate change on phytophagous insects, chemical ecology, and plant pest interactions leading to food insecurity and the strategies thereof.

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“…Spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is one of the most destructive pests causing 18-25% yield loss in maize and sorghum under different agroclimatic conditions in Asia and Africa (Dhaliwal, Jindal, & Mohindru, 2015). Several strategies including insect-resistant varieties, cultural manipulation, biological control, and synthetic pesticides have been in use for the management of C. partellus, but none of these have been found effective for its control particularly when the larvae enter inside the stalks, except insect-resistant cultivars (Kfir, Overholt, Khan, & Polaszek, 2002;Sharma, Dhillon, Pampapathy, & Reddy, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Fitness consequences of delayed mating on reproductive performance of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe)

2018

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We investigated the effects of mating among different‐aged males and females on reproductive physiology, progeny production, and longevity of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) adults under laboratory conditions. Present studies involved virgin males (M) and females (F) of three different ages namely, on the day of emergence (1D), next day (2D), and further next day (3D), thus comprising of a total of nine mating treatments (1DM × 1DF, 1DM × 2DF, 1DM × 3DF, 2DM × 1DF, 2DM × 2DF, 2DM × 3DF, 3DM × 1DF, 3DM × 2DF, and 3DM × 3DF). The observations were recorded on fecundity, fertility, hatchability, and longevity of male and female adults. We found that mating among old aged males and females significantly reduce fecundity, fertility, and egg hatchability. Further, the fecundity, fertility, and egg hatching were significantly higher when newly emerged females mated with either of the ages of males as compared with other mating treatments. Conversely, the 3‐day‐old females, when mated with either of the ages of males, laid more numbers of unfertilized eggs, thus reduction in egg hatchability. Mating among newly emerged adults significantly reduced the longevity of male and female adults. Kaplan–Meier estimation showed that none of the adults across mating treatments survived more than 6 days. The recovery of spermatophores from the reproductive tract of females from 3DM × 1DF were significantly higher than other mating treatments. However, no association was found between spermatophore recovery and longevity of male and female adults. Findings of present studies will help to devise appropriate techniques to disrupt mating and suppress C. partellus population under field conditions.

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Crop Losses due to insect pests: Global and Indian Scenario

Cited by 195 publications

References 0 publications

Integrated Pest Management with Reference to INM

Integrated Pest Management with Reference to INM

Impact of climate change on insect pests, plant chemical ecology, tritrophic interactions and food production

Fitness consequences of delayed mating on reproductive performance of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe)

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